[英语考试]逢考必过

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1、丫丫词汇学考试顺利通过总结笔记第一章1.Word——Awordisaminimalfreeformofalanguagethathasagivensoundandmeaningandsyntacticfunction.2.Thereisnologicalrelationshipbetweensoundandmeaningasthesymbolicconnectionbetweenthemisarbitraryandconventional.E.g.“woman”means’Frau’inGerman，’Femme’

2、inFrenchand’Funv’inChinese.Ontheotherhand，thesamesound/rait/canmeanright，riteandwrite，thoughdenotingdifferentthings，yethavethesamesound.3.Thedifferencebetweensoundandformresultfrom4majorfactors.（Atleast80%oftheEnglishwordsfitconsistentspellingpatterns）a）.thein

3、ternalreasonisEnglishalphabetdoesnothaveaseparatelettertorepresenteachsoundinthelanguage.b）.Pronunciationhaschangedmorerapidlythanspellingc）.Influenceoftheworkofscribes/printingfreezesthespellingofwordsin1500d）.Borrowingofforeignlanguage4.Vocabulary——Vocabular

4、yismostcommonlyusedtorefertothesumtotalofallthewordsofalanguage.Itcanalsorefertoallthewordsofagivendialect，agivenbook，agivensubjectandallthewordspossessedbyanindividualpersonaswellasallthewordscurrentinaparticularperiodoftimeinhistory.Thegeneralestimateofthepr

5、esentdayEnglishvocabularyisover1millionwords.5.ClassificationofWords—byusefrequency，bynotion，byorigin1）.Basicwordstock–thefoundationofthevocabulary.1.allnationalcharacter（mostimportant）–naturalphenomenamostcommonthingsandphenomenaofthehumanbodyandrelationsworl

6、daroundusnamesofplantsandanimalsaction，size，domain，statenumerals，pronouns，prep.，conj.422.stability–theydonatethecommonestthingnecessarytolife，theyareliketoremainunchanged.Onlyrelative，someareundergoingsomechanges.Butthechangeisslow.e.g.arrow，bow，chariot，knight

7、–pastelectricity，machine，car，plane——now3.productivity–theyaremostlyrootwordsormonosyllabicwords，theycanformnewwordswithotherrootsandaffixes.e.g.foot–football，footage，footpath，footer4.polysemy–oftenpossessmorethanonemeaning.Becomepolysemous.e.g.taketomoveorcarr

8、yfromoneplacetoanothertoremove5.collocability–quiteanumberofsetexpressions，idiomaticusages，proverbialsayingandotherse.g.heart–achangeofheart，aheartofgoldNon-basicvocabulary——1.term