口译当中文化空缺问题和其解决方法

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1、口译当中文化空缺问题和其解决方法【摘要】在口译过程中，由于相互间的文化差异性(即文化空缺现象)，常常出现错误表达、遗漏信息、扭曲信息等，导致不能真实表达原语中的特定信息，甚至造成原语的信息失真。本文通过比较中英双语的不同文化内涵，旨在讨论口译中的文化空缺现象，以给出相应的解决方案。首先，本文介绍了论文的理论基础一翻译目的论；然后分析了口译中常见的几种文化空缺现象：文化背景，不对等，延伸和内涵和派生；最后，依据翻译目的论提出四种解决方案。【关键词】文化空缺；口译；翻译目的论ChapterOneTheSko

2、posTheoryTheSkoposTheoryisanapproachtotranslationwhichwasputforwardbyHansJ.VermeeranddevelopedinGermanyinthelate1970sandwhichorientedamorefunctionallyandsocioculturallyconceptoftranslation.Translationisconsiderednotasaprocessoftranslation,butasaspecificf

3、ormofhumanaction.Inourmind,translationhasapurpose,andtheword“Skopos”wasfromGreek.(Nord2006)It'susedasthetechnicaltermforthepurposeofthetranslation.InSkoposTheory,thetop-rankingruleforanytranslationisthe“Skoposrule”・SkoposisaGreekwordfor“purpose"・"Theterm

4、Skoposusuallyreferstothepurposeofthetargettext”(Nord2006)・InVermeer"sownwords,theskoposrulegoeslikethis："Eachtextisproducedforagivenpurposeandshouldservethispurpose・Theskoposrulethusreadsasfollows:translate/interpret/speak/writeinawaythatenablesyourtext/

5、translationtofunctioninthesituationinwhichitisusedandwiththepeoplewhowantuseitandpreciselyinthewaytheywantittofunction”(Nord2006)・AccordingtoSkoposTheory,themainprinciplefortranslationis“Skoposrule,”whichmeansthattranslationmethodsandstrategiesaredetermi

6、nedbyitspurposes,thatis,“Theendjustifiesthemeans(Nord2006)・Andinthistheory,oneofthemostimportantfactorsthatdetermineatranslationpurposeistheaddressee-thetargetreaderinthetargetlanguageandculturewithexpectationsandcommunicativeneeds・Fromthispoint,wecansee

7、thatthestatusofthesourcetextisobviouslylowerthanthatofthetargettext.SkoposTheoryemphasizesisnotthefunctionofthesourcetext，butthefunctionthatthetargettextshouldachieve・Besidestheskoposrule,therearestillanothertwogeneralrules,thatis,coherenceruleandfidelit

8、yrule・Thecoherencerulestipulatesthatthetargettextmustbecompletelycoherenttoallowtargetreaderstounderstandit,andmustbegiventheirassumedbackgroundknowledgeandsituationalcircumstances・Thefidelityruleisaboutinter-textualcohere