法律英语中的拉丁单词

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1、abinitio（自始，例：voidabinitio自始无效）fromthebeginningadhoc（特别；特定；为某一目的特设，例：ahhoccommittee特设委员会；临时委员会；专门委员会）forthispurposeadlitem（专为某一诉讼目的；例：agentadlitem诉讼代理人）forthelawsuitafortiori（更加，更不必说）accordingtoWebster:"withgreaterreasonormoreconvincingforce--usedindrawingaconclusionthatisinfer

2、redtobeevenmorecertainthananother."Example:Ifitisaviolationofthesendingstate'srightstoarrestitsconsularofficial,thenafortioriitwouldbeaviolationtoarrestitsambassador.aposteriori（经验的；归纳的；后验的）fromeffecttocause;fromparticulartogeneral;inductive(basedonobservationorexperience).apri

3、ori（先验的；演绎的）fromcausetoeffect;fromgeneralizationtoparticular;deductive;presupposedbyorreasoningfromself-evidentpropositions(basedontheoryratherthanpractice).amicuscuriae（法庭之友）"friendofthecourt";apersonwithastronginterestinorviewsonthesubjectmatterofagivenlegalactionmaypetitiont

4、hecourtforpermissiontofileabrief,ostensiblyonbehalfofapartybutactuallytosuggestarationaleconsistentwithitsownviews.Suchamicuscuriaebriefsarecommonlyfiledinappealsconcerningmattersofabroadpublicinterest.Example:NPCofIranv.M/TStoltSheafcasecontralegem（违反法律）"againstthelaw"(termuse

5、dtodescribeanequitabledecisionofacourtortribunalthatiscontrarytothelawgoverningthecontroversy. Suchadecisionwouldnotnormallybepermittedunlessthetribunalhadbeenempoweredtoactexaequoetbono). Asopposedtointralegem.defacto（事实；事实上）infact(asopposedtoinlaw,dejure)delegeferenda（根据拟议法）w

6、hatthelawoughttobe(asopposedtowhatthelawis,lexlata).delegelata（根据现行法）whatthelawis(asopposedtowhatthelawoughttobe,delegeferenda).dejure（法理上；法律上）inlaw(asopposedtoinfact,defacto).dolusspecialis（特殊目的）specialintent.Ininternationalhumanitarianlaw,genocideisconsidereduniquebecauseofth

7、especialintenttodestroyinwholeorinpart,anational,ethnic,racialorreligiousgroup.ergaomnes （对所有国家；普遍适用；对国际社会整体。例：obligationergaomnes对国际社会整体的义务；对世义务）"towardall"wrongfulactsthatharmeveryoneandnotsimplyoneinjuredparty)exaequoetbono（根据公允及善意原则；本着公平与正义的精神）ajudgmentbasedonconsiderations

8、offairness,notonconsiderationsofexistinglaw.Suchajudgm