法律英语中的拉丁语词汇 latin words in legal english 来源

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1、法律英语中的拉丁语词汇LatinWordsinLegalEnglish来源：王堃一的日志abinitio（自始，例：voidabinitio自始无效）fromthebeginning adhoc（特别；特定；为某一目的特设，例：ahhoccommittee特设委员会；临时委员会；专门委员会）forthispurpose adlitem（专为某一诉讼目的；例：agentadlitem诉讼代理人）forthelawsuit afortiori（更加，更不必说）accordingtoWebster:"withgreaterreasonormoreconvincingforce

2、--usedindrawingaconclusionthatisinferredtobeevenmorecertainthananother."Example:Ifitisaviolationofthesendingstate'srightstoarrestitsconsularofficial,thenafortioriitwouldbeaviolationtoarrestitsambassador. aposteriori（经验的；归纳的；后验的）fromeffecttocause;fromparticulartogeneral;inductive(basedono

3、bservationorexperience). apriori（先验的；演绎的）fromcausetoeffect;fromgeneralizationtoparticular;deductive;presupposedbyorreasoningfromself-evidentpropositions(basedontheoryratherthanpractice). amicuscuriae（法庭之友）"friendofthecourt";apersonwithastronginterestinorviewsonthesubjectmatterofagivenleg

4、alactionmaypetitionthecourtforpermissiontofileabrief,ostensiblyonbehalfofapartybutactuallytosuggestarationaleconsistentwithitsownviews.Suchamicuscuriaebriefsarecommonlyfiledinappealsconcerningmattersofabroadpublicinterest.Example:NPCofIranv.M/TStoltSheafcase contralegem（违反法律）"againstthel

5、aw"(termusedtodescribeanequitabledecisionofacourtortribunalthatiscontrarytothelawgoverningthecontroversy. Suchadecisionwouldnotnormallybepermittedunlessthetribunalhadbeenempoweredtoactexaequoetbono). Asopposedtointralegem. defacto（事实；事实上）infact(asopposedtoinlaw,dejure) delegeferenda（根据拟议

6、法）whatthelawoughttobe(asopposedtowhatthelawis,lexlata). delegelata（根据现行法）whatthelawis(asopposedtowhatthelawoughttobe,delegeferenda). dejure（法理上；法律上）inlaw(asopposedtoinfact,defacto). dolusspecialis（特殊目的）specialintent.Ininternationalhumanitarianlaw,genocideisconsidereduniquebecauseofthespe

7、cialintenttodestroyinwholeorinpart,anational,ethnic,racialorreligiousgroup. ergaomnes （对所有国家；普遍适用；对国际社会整体。例：obligationergaomnes对国际社会整体的义务；对世义务）"towardall"wrongfulactsthatharmeveryoneandnotsimplyoneinjuredparty) exaequoetbono（根据公允及善意原则；本着公平与正义的精神）ajudgmentbasedonconsiderat