个案管理在基层机构养老中的应用分析——基于xc县福利中心的个案实践

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1、华中科技大学硕士学位论文4个案管理应用于基层机构养老的困境4.1社会工作者专业危机···································································(39)4.2人事体制的限制···········································································(40)4.3可利用资源缺乏·········································

2、··································(41)5个案管理应用于基层机构养老的建议5.1加强社会工作者能力建设····························································(44)5.2加强亲属的支持作用···································································(45)5.3完善机构内部建设·························

3、··············································(46)5.4建立多层次资源网络···································································(48)6结论与讨论6.1结论······························································································(49)6.2讨论：社会工作

4、者在个案管理中的伦理思考······························(50)致谢··································································································(52)参考文献······························································································(53)

5、附录一老人能力评估量表·································································(56)附录二简易智能量表（MMSE）······················································(63)附录三访谈人员信息········································································(65)IV华中科技大学硕士学位论文

6、1导论1.1研究背景按我国的年龄划分标准，60周岁以上的公民为老年人。而随着社会老龄化的日益加重，中国的老年人越来越多，所占人口比例也越来越高。2011年末，我国老人1人口比重已经达到13.7%，其中65岁以上老人人口比重达到9.1%。2012年末，我2国65岁以上老人人口比重达到9.4%。2012年，全国老龄委办公室发布消息称，未来20年我国老年人口将进入快速增长期，到2050年老年人口将达到全国人口的1/3。随着数量的不断增加，老年人面临着养老、医疗以及精神赡养等诸多社会问题，不同的养老方式也应

7、运而生，机构养老就是其中一种发展趋势。相比于其它两种养老方式，机构养老有其存在的优势：可以集中资源，可以提3供专业化的服务，能消除老人的孤独和寂寞，也能减少异代人沟通障碍和生活摩擦。同样的，它也存在着一些劣势：管理体制和运营机制适应市场能力较差，服务内容不够丰富，服务专业化水平较低，基础设施不完善，机构养老的相关政策也不甚明确等等。而且，相关的研究主要集中在社会福利等大领域，没有关注到老人的个别化需求。而社会工作中的个案管理为满足这一需求提供了一个新的途径和方法。社会工作个案管理作为在基层机构养老领

8、域应用的一种新模式，强调的是以服务对象为中心和整个服务过程中的互动关系，并帮助服务对象增强资源网络，提高其获得及使用资源的能力，从而解决自身的困难，满足自身的需求，同时也能帮助养老机构减轻压力，增强服务成效。个案管理指的是由社会工作专业人员为一群或某一案主统筹协助活动的一个过程。所以，把个案管理应用于基层机构养老中，是一个可以尝试和探索的研究。1中国统计年鉴2013,中华人民共和国国家统计局.2中国统计年鉴2013,中华人民共和国国家统计局.3胡孝斌.社会工作指导下的