语境的层级性对翻译的影响和作用

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1、Hierarchic“NamrcofContextandItsInflucncconTranslationI．LiteratureReviewonContextWiththerapiddevelopmentofappliedlinguisticsandpragmaticsinparticular,linguistshavebecomeincreasinglyawareoftheimportanceofcontextininterpretingandexpressinglanguage．1．1TheWe

2、sternScholars’StudiesofContext1．1．1B．Malinowski’sopinionThefamousPolish—bornanthropologistB．Malinowskyfirstformulatedtheconceptof“context”in1923．DuringworkingintheTrobriandIslandersofSouthPacific，Malinowskyfounditwasverydifficulttotranslatethelocalpeopl

3、e’swordsorsentencesintoEnglish．Take“wood”forexample，inthelocallanguage，itmeans“oar”．ThiskindofexperiencesmadeMalinowskypainfullyawareofthefactthathehadtounderstandthewholeculturalsettingandtheplaceofawordorsentenceinacertainculturaleventsoastounderstand

4、(andsubsequentlytranslate)themeaningofthatwordorthatsentence．Therefore．inhissupplementtoUgdenandRichard’sbook砌eMeaningofMeaning,Malinowskyfirstproposedtheconceptof‘‘contexf’andattachedimportancetoitinunderstandingutterances．HeutilizedhisexperienceintheS

5、outhPacifictoexplainitandconcludedthatItisimpossibletotranslatewordsofaprimitivelanguageorofonewidelydifferentfromourown．withoutgivingadetailedaccountofthecultureofitsusel'sandthusprovidingthecommonmeasumnecessaryforatranslation(1923：309)．Alsoin1923．inh

6、issupplementtoUgdenandRichard’sbookz7诂MeaningofMeaning,Malinowskyexplainedthenotionof“contextofsituation'’：Exactlyasintherealityofspokenorwrittenlanguage，awordwithoutlinguisticcontextisameFefigmentandstandsfornothingbyitselesointherealityofaspokenliving

7、tongue，theutterancehasnomeaningexceptinthecontextofsituation(1923：30刀．AccordingtoMalinowsky,meaningwasseenintermsofthefunctionofutterances，orevenofwholetexts，incontextsofutterance，ormoregenerally，intheirtypicalcontextsof3广西大学硕士学位论文situation．Forhim，then，

8、language，atleastinitsprimitivefunction，hadtoberegarded‘。asamodeofaction，notaninstrumentofreflection”(1923：296)．Andhealsostressedthat‘‘uRerancesandsituationareboundupinextricablywitheachotherandthecontextofsituationisdispensablefo