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1、文献翻译-液压系统翻译部分英文原文：HYDRAULICSYSTEMHydraulicsystemsarepower-transmittingassembliesemployingpressurized1iquidtotransmitenergyfromanenergy-generatingsourcetoanenergy-usearea.AllhydraulicsystemsdependonPascal'slaw,namedafterBlaisePascal,whodiscoveredthelaw.Thisla
2、wstatesthatpressurizedfluidwithinaclosedcontainer-suchascylinderorpipe-exertsequalforceonallofthesurfacesofthecontainer.Tnactualhydraulicsystems,Pascals1awdefinesthebasisoftheresultswhichareobtainedfromthesystem.Thus,apumpmovestheliquidinthesystem.Theintakeo
3、fthepumpsconnectedtoaliquidsource,usuallycalledthetankorreservoir.Atmosphericpressure,pressingontheliquidinthereservoir,forcestheliquidintothepump.Whenthepumpoperates,itforcesliquidfromthetankintothedischargepipeatasuitablepressure.Theflowofthepressurizedliq
4、uiddischargedbythepumpiscontrolledbyvalves.Threecontrolfunctionsareusedinmosthydraulicsysteins:1controloftheliquidpressure,2controloftheliquidflowrate,and3controlofthedirectionofflowoftheliquid.Theliquiddischargedbythepumpinafluid-powersystemisdirectedbyvalv
5、estoahydraulicmotor.Ahydraulicmotordevelopsrotaryforceandmotion,usingthepressurizedliquidasitsenergysource-Manyhydraulicmotorsaresimilartopumps,exceptthatthemotoroperatesinareversemannerfromapump.Wherelinearinsteadofrotarymotionisdesired,acylindricaltubefitt
6、edwithamovablepiston,calledahydrauliccylinder,isoftenused.Whenthepistonismovedbythepressurizedfluid,thepistonrodimpartsaforceormovesanobjectthroughadesireddistance.Restrictingthemovementofthepistoninahydreiuliccylinder,aswhenthepistoncarriesaload,createsaspe
7、cificpressurerelationshipwithinthecylinder.Thesurfaceareaofthepistonfaceissaidtocontainaspecificnumberofsquareinches.Thepressureofthepressurizedliquid,multipliedbythepitonarea,producesanoutputforce,measuredinpound，attheendofthepistonrod.Thespeedofmovementoft
8、hepistonroddependsonhowfastthepressurizedfluidentersthecylinder.F1owintothecylindercanbedirectedtoeitherend,producingeitherapushingorpullingforceatthepistonrodend.Asealaroundtherodwhereitpassest
