资源描述：
《初中定语从句讲解及习题》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在工程资料-天天文库。
1、定语从句一、含义：在复合句屮修饰主句屮某一名词或代词的从句，叫做定语从句，它所修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。定语从句基本结构为：先行词+关系词+定语从句二、关系代词1)关系代词代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语。2)关系代词that,which,whom在一般情况下可以省略。①做主语时不能省略②做动词宾语可省，做介词宾语不可省略。1.who指人，在定语从句中可充当主语、宾语或表语。Iknowaboutthemanwhospoketoyoujustnow.Theman(who)weinvitedtothepart
2、yisProfessorSmith.2・whom指人，在定语从句屮作宾语，口语屮也可用who代替。Hereistheman(whom/who)youarelookingfor.3.whoseiiJ修饰人也iiJ修饰物，在定语从句中作定语。Thisisthescientistwhosenameisknownallovertheworld.指物时：whose+n.=the+n.+ofwhich/whom.Theroomwhosewindowsfacesouthismine.=Theroomthewindowsofwhichfa
3、cesouthismine.4.which指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语。Chinaisacountrywhichhasalonghistory.5.that既指人也可指物，从句中作主语、宾语或表语，可代替who,whom,which,但习惯上常用who,whom指人，用which指物。Thewomanthatspoketomeinthebookstoreusedtolivenextdoor.三、只能用that不用which的情况1.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。如:Thisisthebestbook(that
4、)Ihaveeverread.2.先行词是不定代词all,little,much,everything等。如：IwanttoreadallthebooksthatwerewrittenbyLuXun.我想把魯迅的著作全读完。1.先行词被any,every,no,oneof,theonly,theright,lastJust等词修饰。Arethereanyquestionsthattroubleyoumuch?2.先行词既指人又指物时。Theytalkedabouttheschoolsandteachersthattheyh
5、advisited.3.当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时。Whoisthemanthatisreadingthenewspaperoverthere.4.关系代词在定语从句中作tobe的表语时。Tomisn'ttheboythatheusedtobe.5.先行词前有such或thesame修饰，先行词和关系代词指同一物时。ThisisthesamebikethatIlosttwoweeksago.四、只能用which不能用that引导定语从句的情况。1.当关系代词前有介词时。Thisisthehouseinw
6、hichheoncelived.2.代替句子一部分或全部。Shestudieshardatschool,whichmakesherparentshappy.五、只能用who不能用that引导定语从句的情况。1.先行词指人的不定代词时，如one,anyone,noone,all,anybody等Allwhohavestudiedthisquestionhavecometothesameconclusion.2.先行词是those且指人时。Thosewhowanttogotothecinemawillhavetowaitatt
7、hegateoftheschool.3.在therebe结构中，先行词指人时。Thereisayoungladywhoasksforyou.七、关系副词when/where/why代替先行词在定语从句中充当状语。1.when表时间，先行词是时间名词，如time,day,hour,year等。Ican'tforgetthenightwhenIcametothefarm.2.where表地点，先行词是地点名词，如place,factory,house,village等。Thefactorywherehisfatherworks
8、isinthewestofthecity.3.why表原因，先行词是reason.Thisisthereasonwhyheleftearly.初中定语从句练习题1.Thisisthebagmymotherboughtyesterday・A.thatB.whoC.whom2・Isthistheshopse
