天津商业大学2016年研究生初试试题语言学及翻译(804)A

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1、天津商业大学2016年研究生入学考试试题专业：外国语言学及应用语言学课程名称：语言学及翻译（804）共3页第1页说明：答案标明题号写在答题纸上，写在试题纸上的无效。PartALinguistics(100points)I.Studyinglinguistics,wehavecomeacrossalotoftechnicalterms,someofwhicharelistedbelow.Pleasewriteoutthemostacceptabledefinitionsforeachofthem.(10points)a)linguistics;b)l

2、anguage;c)morphology:d)duality;e)culturaltransmission:f)phoneme;g)syntax;h)synonyms;i)pragmatics;j)speechcommunityII.Studyinglinguisticswehavebeenacquaintedwithmanylinguists,fiveofwhomarelistedbelow.Writeoutaphrasethatmaybestrepresenttheircontributionstolinguistics.（10points）a

3、)FerdinanddeSaussure;b)NoamChomsky;c)M.A.K.Hallidayd)H.P.Grice;e)LeonardBloomfieldIII.Linguisticsasaspecifieddisciplinehasitsowntechnicalwaysofoperation.Trytofilltheblankstodemonstrateyourtechnicalsenseoflinguistics.(15points)1.Pleasegivethecorrespondingsoundsegmentsaccordingt

4、othedescriptions:voicedbilabialstop:a)________;alveolarnasal:b)_________Voicelesslabiodentalfricative:c)__________2.Amorphemewhichcanbeawordbyitselfiscalledad)____________morpheme,whereasamorphemethatmustbeattachedtoanotheroneisae)_________morpheme.Theplural-sin“books”,forexam

5、ple,isaf)__________morpheme.3.Wordsthatareoppositeinmeaningareantonyms.Oppositenesscanbefoundondifferentdimensionsanddifferentkindsofantonymshavebeenrecognizedbylinguists.Forexample,“hot”and“cold”arerecognizedasg)___________antonyms,“male”and“female”ash)______________antonymsa

6、ndteacherandpupilasi)____________opposites.4.Thereare4maximsinCooperativePrinciple,namely,themaximofquantity,themaximofj)__________,themaximofk)_________,andthemaximofl)__________.5.Whatfunctiondoeslanguageperform?Threemainfunctionsareoftenrecognized:them)______________functio

7、n,then)_________________functionandtheo)____________function.III.Tobeastudentoflinguistics,itisimportanttodevelopasenseofcriticalthinking.Pleaseanswerthefollowingquestionstodemonstrateyourcriticalpotentials.(35points)3专业：外国语言学及应用语言学课程名称：语言学及翻译（804）共3页第2页1.Prescriptiveanddescri

8、ptiveapproachesrepresenttwodifferenttypesoflinguisticstudy.Wh