资源描述：
《英语诗歌的类别》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在应用文档-天天文库。
1、1.十四行诗(Sonnet)源于中世纪民间抒情短诗，十三、十四世纪流行于意大利，意大利彼特拉克（Petrarch）为代表人物，每行十一个音节，全诗一节八行，加一节六行，韵脚用abba,abba,cdcdcd(cdecde)。前八行提问，后六行回答。后来，怀亚特（ThomasWyatt,1503-1542）将十四行诗引人英国，五音步抑扬格，全诗三个四行一个二行,前三节提问，后二句结论。斯宾塞（EdmundSpenser,1552-1599）用韵脚abab,bcbc,cdcd,ee。莎士比亚（WilliamShakespeare,1564-1616）用韵脚abab,cdcd,efef,gg，称英国
2、式或莎士比亚式。2.打油诗（Limericks）通常是小笑话甚至是胡诌，一般没有标题也无作者姓名，含有幽默讽刺性，常运用双关，内韵等手法。每首诗五个诗行，押韵为aabba，格律以抑扬格和抑抑扬格为主。1)TherewasayoungladyofNiggerWhosmiledassherodeonatiger;TheyreturnedfromtherideWiththeladyinside,Andthesmileonthefaceofthetiger.2)AtutorwhotaughtonthefluteTriedtoteachtwotooterstotoot,“Isithardertotoot
3、,orSaidthetwotothetutor,Totutortwotooterstotoot?”3、素体诗(无韵体诗)（BlankVerse）五音步抑扬格，不押韵诗体。theunrhymediambicpentameterlineWilliamWordsworth:ThereWasaBoyTherewasaBoy;yeknewhimwell,yecliffsAndislandsofWinander!manyatime,Atevening,whentheearlieststarsbeganTomovealongtheedgesofthehills,Risingorsetting,wouldhe
4、standalone,Beneaththetrees,orbytheglimmeringlake;Andthere,withfingersinterwoven,bothhandsPressedcloselypalmtopalmandtohismouthUplifted,he,asthroughaninstrument,Blewmimichootingstothesilentowls8Thattheymightanswerhim.—AndtheywouldshoutAcrossthewateryvale,andshoutagain,Responsivetohiscall,—withquiveri
5、ngpeals,Andlonghalloos,andscreams,andechoesloudRedoubledandredoubled;concoursewildOfjocunddin!And,whentherecameapauseOfsilencesuchasbaffledhisbestskill:Then,sometimes,inthatsilence,whilehehungListening,agentleshockofmildsurpriseHascarriedfarintohisheartthevoiceOfmountain-torrents;orthevisiblesceneWo
6、uldenterunawaresintohismindWithallitssolemnimagery,itsrocks,Itswoods,andthatuncertainheavenreceivedIntothebosomofthesteadylake.Thisboywastakenfromhismates,anddiedInchildhood,erehewasfulltwelveyearsold.Pre-eminentinbeautyisthevaleWherehewasbornandbred:thechurchyardhangsUponaslopeabovethevillage-schoo
7、l;AndthroughthatchurchyardwhenmywayhasledOnsummer-evenings,IbelievethatthereAlonghalf-hourtogetherIhavestoodMute—lookingatthegraveinwhichhelies!1.自由诗（FreeVerse）自由诗（FreeVerse）:现代诗中常见的体式，长短不同的诗行存在于同一首诗中
