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《Chapter 32 – Melanoma and Cutaneous Malignancies》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。
1、CHAPTER32MELANOMAANDCUTANEOUSMALIGNANCIESKellyM.McMastersandMarshallM.Uristandxerodermapigmentosum.Theaverageannualage-adjustedcutaneousmelanomamelanomaincidence/100,000personsis18.4forwhitescom-cutaneousmalignancies:nonmelanomaskincancerparedwith2.3forHispanic
2、s,1.6forAsians,1.0forNativeAmericans,and0.8forAfricanAmericans.Melanomaisslightly5,6morecommoninmalesthaninfemales.Melanomaaffectspatientsatallstagesoflife.AlthoughtheCUTANEOUSMELANOMAmedianageofmelanomapatientsisabout50years,itoccursinIn1787,Hunterpublishedone
3、ofthefirstaccountsofapatientawideagedistribution.Theincidenceisgreatestinolderwithmelanoma.Laennec,whofoundmetastaticmelanomapatients,butitisoneofthemostcommoncancersinyoungdepositsindistantviscera,describedmelanomaascancernoire,adultsandadolescents.Becauseofth
4、erelativelyyoungmedianortheblackcancer,in1806.Hesubsequentlynamedthediseaseageofmelanomapatients,melanomaranksamongtheworst1melanosisin1812.cancersintermsofyearsoflifelostpermalignancy.Thecausesofmelanomaarenotcompletelydefined,butitEpidemiologyandCausesisclear
5、thatexposuretoultraviolet(UV)radiationisakeycaus-Skincanceristhemostcommonformofcancer,accountingforativefactor.UVwavelengthsareclassifiedasUVAorUVB;UVAatleasthalfofallmalignancies.Melanomaisacancerofmela-hasthelongerwavelength,320to400n,andUVBrangesfromnocytes
6、,cellsofneuralcrestoriginthatmigrateduringfetal290to320nm.UVA,thepredominantUVwavelengthindevelopmenttoseveralorgansandtissues,butpredominantlytanningbedsandlights,penetratesmoredeeplyintotheskintotheskin.MelanocytesintheskinarepositionedalongthethanUVB.Althoug
7、hUVAradiationhaslongbeenknowntobasementmembraneatthedermal-epidermaljunction.playamajorroleinskinagingandwrinkling,growingevidenceMelanomaisnowthefifthmostcommoncancerinmenhasimplicatedUVAradiationinthecauseofnonmelanomaskinandthesixthmostcommoncancerinwomenint
8、heUnitedcancersaswellasmelanomas.InmelanomacentersaroundtheStates.Althoughmelanomaaccountsforlessthan5%ofskincountry,teenagersandyoungadultsareoftenfoundwithmela-2cancercase
