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时间:2019-02-02
《决战2011高考英语专题讲义非谓语动词在句中用作定语》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、决战2011高考英语专题讲义非谓语动词在句中作定语在英语句子中,不定式todo,分词v+ing和v+ed以及动名词v+ing是非谓语动词,除不能作谓语外,其他成份都可担当,其中一个成份就是作定语。不定式todo在句中作定语置于被修饰名词后,常同该名词构成动宾关系,要是不定式是不及物动词,其后应加上必要的介词。例:Ihavesomethingtosay.(tosaysomething)I’llgiveyouamagazinetoread.Thatisagoodcompanytoworkfor.Heisapleasantfellowt
2、oworkwith.Wouldyoubringmeabenchtositon? 有些名词常接不定式作定语,如:chance,time,reason,way,effort,right(权利),movement等,例:Youhaven’tanyreasontoleaveme.Youhavenorighttodosuchathing.Hesucceededinhisefforttoovercomehisfatalweakness.Heputhimselfoutofthewaytohelpothers.Wehavenotimeto
3、lose..Thankyouforgivingmethechancetomakethespeech. Thefirst,thelast,thesecond,thebest等常与不定式连用作定语。例:Heisalwaysthefirsttocome.Shewouldbethelasttoagreetoourplan.Youarethesecondtoaskmethatquestion.I’lldomypoorbesttofixitup. 当togo,tospare作“剩下”讲时可作定语。例: Hehadfivem
4、inutestogobeforetimewasup. Theyhadonly100dollarstospare. 不定式用在某些句子中作定语相当于一个定语从句,表示动作即将发生。例:Therearemanydifficultiestoovercome.=Therearemanydifficultiesthatwillhavetobeovercome.Hehasalargefamilytosupport.=Hehasalargefamilythathemustsupport.现在分词与过去分词作定语现在分词和过去分词在句
5、中都可以作定语,但在语态和时间概念上有区别,在语态上,现在分词表主动,过去分词表被动,在时间上,现在分词表示动作正在进行,而过去分词则表示动作完成。例:boilingwater(主动、进行)boiledwater(被动、完成)有时过去分词则表示被动,不表示完成的动作,有时则表示动作的完成,不表示被动的动作。例:thefallenleaves (动作已完成)developedcountries (动作已完成)aninterestedparty (被动)单个分词作定语置于被修饰词前。例: Chinaisadevelopingcount
6、ry.Helitafireandfromittookaburningstick.Americaisadevelopedcountry.有些单个分词(尤其是现在分词)作定语时也可以置于被修饰词之后,特别如一些不定代词anything,something,everything,nothing等则应后置。例:theexperiencegained(获得的经验)forthetimebeing(暂时)foryearsrunning(一连数年)Shefoundthewindowopenandsomethingstolen.Thereisnot
7、hingdoing.Thereisnothinginterestingintoday’spaper.Theycanseeeverythinghappeningontheline.Isthereanythinginterestinginthebook?分词短语置于被修饰词之后Thepenlyingonthetablebelongstoyou.Theboymakingfacesismyson.IlikesongsperformedbyMaoAming.其实作定语的分词短语可以扩展为定语从句。如上述三句可改为:Thepenwhichis
8、lyingonthetablebelongstoyou.Theboywhoismakingfacesismyson.IlikesongswhichwasperformedbyMaoAming.现在分词作后置定语表示一个(现在或将来)正在进行的动作,
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