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1、英之翼英语中心专项复习资料专题九动词的被动语态一．定义：主语是动作的承受者二．基本构成：be+过去分词(及物动词或相当于及物动词的短语动词)注：be的4种变化（现在式am/is/are，过去式was/were，现在分词being，过去分词been）三．各种时态的主动,被动语态的结构时态主动语态被动语态一般现在时Vs/Ves/V；am/is/aream/is/are+过去分词一般过去时Vd/Ved/went；was/werewas/were+过去分词一般将来时will/shall+Vam/is/are+goingto+Vwill/shall+be+过去分词am/is/
2、are+goingto+be+过去分词过去将来时would+Vwas/were+goingto+Vwould+be+过去分词was/were+goingto+be+过去分词现在进行时am/is/are+Vingam/is/are+being+过去分词过去进行时was/were+Vingwas/were+being+过去分词现在完成时have/has+过去分词have/has+been+过去分词过去完成时had+过去分词had+been+过去分词含情态动词can/may/must/should/could/might+Vcan/may/must/should/coul
3、d/might+be+过去分词四．主动语态和被动语态的转换特点：主动语态中的宾语变为被动语态中的主语；主动语态中的主语变为by+主语(宾格代词)主动语态被动语态主语+谓语+宾语Hewroteit.Hetookgoodcareofit.宾语(主格代词)+谓语(被动形式)+by+主语(宾格代词)Itwaswrittenbyhim.Itwastakengoodcareofbyhim.(短语动词)主语+谓语+间宾+直宾Hegavemethebook.Heboughtmethebook.间宾(主格代词)+谓语(被动形式)+直宾+by+主语(宾格代词)直宾+谓语(被动形式)+t
4、osb./forsb.+by+主语(宾格代词)Iwasgiventhebookbyhim.Thebookwasgiventomebyhim.Iwasboughtthebookbyhim.Thebookwasboughtformebyhim.主语+谓语+宾语+宾补Heaskedmetoreadthebook.宾语(主格代词)+谓语(被动形式)+宾补+by+主语(宾格代词)Iwasaskedtoreadthebookbyhim.五．谓语动词为使役动词：make或感官动词：see,observe,notice,hear——主动句中用不带to的动词充当宾补，变为被动句时，应
5、带toHemademelaugh.Iwasmadetolaughbyhim.Heheardmeplaythepiano.Iwasheardtoplaythepianobyhim.六．含被动语态常见句型结构1．It’ssaid/reported/believed/expectedthat+句子（据说/据报道/据信/预计…）2．besupposedtoV(a.被认为…b.应该…)3．get/havesth.+过去分词七．主动形式表示被动意义的情况(特点：物做主语)1．感官型系动词：look,sound,smell,taste,feel+adj2．表行为的不及物动词：op
6、en,close/shut,lock,write,read,cut,peel,wash,clean,burn,drive,dry,wear,pick等3．表“需要”的词：want/need/require+doing=want/need/require+tobedone4．表“值得”的词：beworth+doing八．不用被动语态的情况：1.当宾语是相互代词，反身代词，不定式，动名词2.当谓语动词是表状态的及物动词九．被动语态和系表结构的区分-3-英之翼英语中心专项复习资料被动语态：表示动作系表结构：表示主语的特点，状态或性质（可用too,very,so等程度副词修
7、饰）Thegatetothegardenwasclosedbyagirl.Thegatetothegardenwasclosedatthattime.Thehousewillsoonbefinished.Iwillbefinishedbysix.Iamverysurprisedatyourwords.Shewassotiredthatshecouldn’tmoveonestepfurther.Heisdressedinablacksuit.HeismarriedtoHelen.Heislostinthewoods.-3-英之翼英语中心专项复习资料单项选择1．—L
