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1、宾语从句TheObjectClauseIknowhim.2.Iknowwhoheis.主语谓语宾语(简单句)主语谓语宾语从句连词从句主语从句谓语主句(复合句)宾语从句的概念:宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。句子结构:主句+连词(引导词)+宾语从句第一讲:宾语从句的引导词由从属连词that引导的宾语从句由连接代词Who,whom,whose,which,what和连接副词where,how,why,when引导的宾语从句由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句一、连词(引导词)1.当宾语从句是陈述句时(包括肯定句和否定句),连词由that引导,因
2、为that在从句中不作任何成分,也没有任何具体意思,因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略LinTaofeels(that)hisownteamisevenbetter.Shesays(that)shewon’ttakepartinthesportsmeetingnextSunday.Jimthought(that)thetrainwaslikeabigmovingparty.Hesaid(that)hewouldliketoseetheheadmaster.在主句为动词be加某些形容词(如sorry,sure,afraid,glad等)作表语时,后面所跟
3、的省略that的从句也可算是宾语从句I’msorry(that)Idon’tknow.We’resure(that)ourteamwillwin.I’mafraid(that)hewon’tpasstheexam.注:that在句中无词汇意义,在从句中不能充当成分,在口语当中往往省略e.g.Ihear(that)_______________________.(一小时后他会回来)Hesaid(that)______________________.(他非常想念我们)Theteachertoldus(that)____________________
4、_______.(地球围着太阳转)hewillbebackinanhourhemissedusverymuchtheearthmovesaroundthesun2.当宾语从句是一般疑问句时,由连词whether或if引导(口语中常用if),因为if/whether翻译成:“是否”,具有一定的意义,所以不能省略Lilywantedtoknowif/whetherhergrandmalikedthehandbag.Let’sseeif/whetherwecanfindoutsomeinformationaboutthatcity.Sheaskedmei
5、f/whethershecouldborrowthesebooks.由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句e.g.1.Iwanttoknow__________________________________.(他是否跟我们一起去公园)2.Askhim_____________________.(他是否能来)3.Idon’tknow___________________________.(是否要下雨)if(whether)hewillgototheparkwithuswhether(if)hecancomewhetheritisgoingto
6、rainornot1.当句末为ornot时,引导词只能用whether而不能用if.2.在介词后面,引导词只能用whether而不能用if.3.在动词不定式前,引导词只能用whether而不能用if.1.在动词不定式之前只能用whether.如:Ican’tdecidewhethertostay.我不能决定是否留下2.在whether……ornot的固定搭配中.如:Iwanttoknowwhetherit’sgoodnewsornot.3.在介词后,只能用whether.如:Hisfatherisworriedaboutwhetherhelose
7、hiswork.他的父亲担心是否会失去工作.4.宾语从句放在句首表示强调时,只能用whether.如:Whethertheycanfinishtheworkontimeisstillaproblem.他们是否能准时完成这项工作还是个问题.3.当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时,由连接代词(what,who,whom,which,whose)或连接副词(when,where,how,why)引导,因为连接代词或连接副词在从句中担任一定的句子成分,具有一定的意义,所以不可以省略Doyouknowwhathesaidjustnow?Idon’trememberw
8、henwearrived.IaskedhimwhereIcouldgetsomuchmoney.Pleasetellmew