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1、中文摘要晚清常州宗族与社会事业清常州宗族能动地适应社会变迁的同时促进了地方社会事业的发展。如果我们仅把宗族作为一种社会组织存在，也许我们可以看到作为一种民间力量，在地方社会事业建设和发展过程中，宗族的长袖善舞留给了历史亮丽的色彩。关键词：晚清常州宗族社会事业作者：仲兆宏指导老师：王卫平IIChangZhou’ClansandSocialWorkinthelateQingDynastyAbstractChangZhou’ClansandSocialWorkinthelateQingDynastyAbstractRegionssouthoftheYan
2、gtzeRiver,whereChangzhoulocates,wereoneofthewell-developed,activeplacesofancientclanssystemandclansplayanessentialroleinsociety.TherewereplentyofclansinChangzhouwhowerewell-knowninMingandQingDynastyrespectively.TheTaipingHeavenlyKingdomwardestroyedtraditionalsocialordersinvast
3、regionssouthoftheYangtzeRiver,Changzhounoexception.Changzhoubecameprosperousandgotitseconomicrecoveryafterthewaragain.UnderTongzhiEmporror’sdomination,QingDynasty,rebuildingandsocialorderregainingwerethemainactivitiesinChangzhouatthattime.Asanimportantpartofsocialorderrecovery
4、,charitymakesgreatcontributiontostabilityofsocietyandreliefofsocialcontradictionbyrelievingthepoor.LocalgovernmentofChangzhouappealsalllevelsofsocialorganizationstocooperatetorebuildingandsocialorderregaining.Withsuchmutualvalueandinterest,considerablecharityorganizationsweres
5、etupandthetotalnumberarethegreatestinhistory.Changzhouclansconcentratedontheirinternaleducationandself-improvementinlateQingDynasty,notonlyimprovedthequalityoftheirmembers,butalsomaintainedtheirreputationandstatus,makingitonesignificantmethodtomaintaintheirsocialorderandself-d
6、evelopment.Meanwhile,clansandnativegentrymadefulluseoftheloopholesinsocietyrebuildingpoliciesandregulationsthatQinggovernmentadvocatedsothattheyhelpedtoregainandmaintaintraditionalsocialeducationresources,rebuiltandsetupdifferentlevelsofeducationorganization,suchasprefecturele
7、veleducation(fromtheTangtotheQingDynasty,administrationlargerthancountysmallerthancity),countyleveleducationandacademy.Asamatteroffact,itisaneffectivewaytheyusedtomaintainandgaintheirclans’prosperityinaccordancewithsocialchanges.Theysetupnewformsofschoolsandlaidfoundationsforn
8、eweducationforminChangzhou.Ifwesaysacrificestogodsandancestor
