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1、AfricaFarmingDevelopmentAfricaisaverylargecontinentandhostsmanydifferentclimaticzones.Becauseofthiseachareawillbeaddressedseparatelyduetoeachbeingdevelopeddifferently.NorthAfricadeployedmostlyMediterraneanstylefarmingandcrops.TheEasterncomplexiscreditedwiththedomesticationofcoffee,sourghum,andwa
2、termelon.TheWesternSavannacomplexhadtwodifferentpatternsdevelop.OntheEastbankoftheBandamaRiverthepeopleatericewhileonthewesttheirmainstaplewasyams.Eachsideoftheriversawverydifferentculturaldevelopments.InSouthAfrica,mostlyhunter-gathervillageswereestablished,withsomeexistingeventomoderntimes. Ge
3、neralCustomsandFarmingTechniques"Amongtheherdsmenwhogrowhardlyanythingbutwintercereals,theownershipofwateriscollective,andeachmanhastheseofacertainamountofwaterandaplotoflandprovidinghehasateamofdraughtanimalsandaplow.Ifthetypeofagriculturechangesandwheatandbarleyarereplacedbytrees,thegroundbeco
4、mesthedefectors’privateproperty,whilethewaterremainsthepropertyofthegrouponeman’sshareofwatercannotbesoldandifitisnotuseditrevertstothegroup."Simpledamsareusedinmountainareastotrapwater.Theyarecalledrabtaorseddandaredikesmadeorbranchesorstones. Onlythosewhohelpedmaketheirrigation’ssystemshavethe
5、righttousethewater.NotmanyterracesarefoundinthisareaeventhoughtheyarecommonaroundtheMediterranean.Terracesarenotusedprobablyduetoplowingisdonewitha"swingplowsdrawnbytwooxenharnessedtogethertoaverywideyokewhichrestedontheanimalswithersandwouldbedifficulttoturninnarrowfields."Sheepandsometimescatt
6、lewereraisedinthewinter.Landhasbeenadverselyaffectedinthisareaveryheavilybywarandconquest.Cropswererotatedeveryotheryeartopreservetheland-commonacrossthearea.EasternComplexofAfricaTherewasgoodagriculture,whichsupportedculturesofMali,Ghana,Nok,IfeandBenin.Theygrewcereals,oilcropsandvegetables.The
7、yalsocultivatedstimulantsandmedicalplantsusedintheirreligions.Fromthisareacoffee,sorghum,millet,andwatermelonweredomesticated.Findingsfrom12,500to10,500suggestthatvillagersgrewgrainssincegrindingwheelswerefound.Blades,whicha