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1、ForDr.ShirleyM.Davidson,1930–2002BiologicalPhysicsEnergy,Information,LifeUpdatedFirstEditionPhilipNelsonUniversityofPennsylvaniawiththeassistanceofMarkoRadosavljevic´andSarinaBrombergW.H.FreemanandCompanyNewYorkPublisher:ClancyMarshallSeniorAcquisitionsEditor:JessicaFiori
2、lloMarketingManager:AnthonyPalmiottoTextDesigner:LeslieGalen,IntegreTechnicalPublishingCompany,Inc.ProjectEditor:JaneO’NeillCoverDesigner:BlakeLoganIllustrations:SarinaBromberg,LarryGonick,FeliceMaceraIllustrationCoordinator:BillPagePhotoEditor:BiancaMoscatelliProductionC
3、oordinator:EllenCashComposition:ICCMacmillanInc.PrintingandBinding:RRDonnelley&SonsCompanyFrontcover:Purkinjeneuronfromratbrain,visualizedbytwo-photonlaserscanningmi-croscopy.Thescalebarrepresents15μm.Theneuronshownisaliveandsurroundedbyadensenetworkofotherneurons;afluores
4、centdyehasbeeninjectedintothecellfromthemi-cropipetteatlowerleft,torevealonlytheonecellofinterest.Thedendritictreeofthisneuron(top)receivesover100000synapticinputs.Dendriticspinesarevisibleastinybumpsonthedendrites.Asingleaxon(lowerleft)sendsoutputsignalsontootherneurons.
5、[DigitalimagekindlysuppliedbyK.Svoboda;seealsoSvobodaetal.,1996.]TheinsetshowsadetailfromAlbertEinstein’soriginalarticleonBrownianmotion.Titlepage:DNAfromabacteriumthathasbeenlysed(burst)byosmoticshock.Thebacterialgenomethatonceoccupiedasmallregioninthecenterofthefigurenow
6、extendsinaseriesofloopsfromthecorestructure.Toptobottom,about10μm.[ElectronmicrographbyRuthKavenoff.]ISBN-13:978-0-7167-9897-2ISBN-10:0-7167-9897-2LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2003105929c2008byPhilipC.NelsonAllrightsreservedPrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmericaFourthprinti
7、ngW.H.FreemanandCompany41MadisonAvenueNewYork,NY10010Houndmills,BasingstokeRG216XS,Englandwww.whfreeman.comForDr.ShirleyM.Davidson,1930–2002Notchaos-liketogethercrush’dandbruis’d,But,astheworld,harmoniouslyconfus’d:Whereorderinvarietywesee,Andwhere,thoughallthingsdiffer,a
8、llagree.—AlexanderPope,1713ContentsTotheStudentxvTotheInstructorxxAcknowledgmentsxxivPartIMyster
