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1、介词介词又叫做前置词，是一种虚词，不能单独在句子当中担当成分，它后面必须接名词、代词或相当于名词的其他词类搭配（介词＋宾语）构成介词短语；和动词搭配构成短语动词，然后才能够在句子当中充当成分。介词分为简单介词，如：at,in,on,besides,since,for等；合成介词，如：inside,outside,without,within,into,onto等；短语介词（或成语介词），如：becauseof,infrontof,insteadof,inspiteof等；二重介词，如：frombehind,untilafter等。一、介词短语的句法功能介词在句子中可以充当
2、定语、状语、表语、以及宾语补足语等。1.作定语介词短语在句中做定语时须位于被修饰词之后。Thekeytothedoorismissing.Thewater-towerinfrontofourschoolwasbuiltin1988.2.作表语（或称为：主语的补足语）Somestudentsareintheclassroom,andsomeontheplayground.Asweknow,JapanistotheeastofChina.3.作宾语补足语（或称为：宾语的表语）Didyouseeapenundermydeskthismorning?Theyhavesentano
3、therrocketintothesky.4.作状语1)OnSundays,thefamilyaremostlyout.（时间状语）2)OntopofthehillstandsaTVtower.（地点状语）3)Heisusedtosleepingwithallthewindowsopen.（伴随状语）4)Inthesearchforthelostchild,thevillagerswentallout.（目的状语）5)Alltheworkmustbedonebyhand.（方式状语）6)Attimes,Igotothecinema.（频度状语）7)Sheisbyfarth
4、ebeststudentinourclass.（程度状语）8)Becauseofpoverty,hecouldn’tgotoschool.(原因状语)9)Tomysurprise,hegotthefirstprizeinthecontest.（结果状语/或评注性状语）10)WithoutourParty,wecouldn’tliveahappylife.（条件状语）11)Inspiteofgreateffortswefailedtocarryourplansthrough.（让步状语）12)Asamatteroffact,nobodyagreedtohisproject.
5、（评注性状语）Inmyopinion,you’dbettergowithus.一、介词的复合结构“介词＋宾语＋补足语”可以构成介词的复合结构，在句子当中可充当表语、定语、状语、补语等。这种结构中的宾语和补足语之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系，使得句子意义更加丰富。常见的这类介词有with,without,like,of等。1.介词＋宾语＋形容词Heisusedtosleepingwithallthewindowsopen.2.介词＋宾语＋分词Bambooleavesswinginthewindlikeslimfingersreachingtotouchsomething.Att
6、hebeginningofschool,thenoiseofdesksbeingopenedandclosedandlessons(ofbeing)repeatedatthetopofthechildren’svoicescouldbeheardoutinthestreet.Thewoundedboyglaredatthenoblemanwithhisteethclenched.3.介词＋宾语＋不定式Thecathumpeditsbackjustlikeafiercetigertojumpuponme.4.介词＋宾语＋副词Thelittleboyrushedoutofth
7、ehousewithoutanythingon.5.介词＋宾语＋介词短语Theteacherenteredtheclassroomwithabookunderhisarm.二、介词的叠用在少数介词之后还可接另一个介词短语，也就是我们所称的二重介词。如：Thenaughtyboysuddenlyrushedoutfrombehindthetreetofrightenthegirl.Inthespring,newbambooshootscomeoutfromaroundtheirownroots.Hekeptonworkingun
