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1、新概念英语第二册语法总结:主谓一致I.单数主语:1.当every-,some-,any-,no-等构成的不定代词及each,either,neither作主语时,谓语动词为单数。●Someonehastoldmeaboutit.●Neitherofuslikesthefilm.2.当every或each位于两个由连接词连接的单数主语前,谓语动词用单数。(必记之要点!)●Eachgirlandboyhasanickname.●Everymanandwomaniswelcome.3.位于主谓之间的介词短语不影响谓语动词的数,谓语动词须和主语一致。常见介词短语有
2、:inadditionto,togetherwith,aswellas,alongwith,but,except,etc.(这是一几乎所有考试都不愿放过的重点。)●Theteacheralongwithhisstudentsisgoingtotheparty.●Hisparentsaswellashiseldersisterhavecometoseehim.II.复数主语:1.当主语由and或both...and连接,通常采用复数谓语动词。●Boththegirlandtheboyarehisfriends.2.如主语是both,few或主语前有both,
3、few,several,many等限定词时,谓语动词须用复数。●Severalnovelshavebeenwrittenbyher.●Bothgotthenewsatthesametime.3.下列名词总是复数形式且谓语动词必须用复数。trousers,pants,jeans,glasses,scissors,tweezers,plier,scales,compasses,etc.●Thetrousersherearemine.别忘了:如果以上名词受“apairof”“thepairof”修饰时,谓语动词用单数。Thepairofpantsistoodir
4、ty.III.单、复数的灵活运用:1.当主语由neither...nor,either...or,notonly...butalso或or连接时,谓语动词与nor,or,butalso后面的词一致,在英语语法中,这被称之为“就近原则”。●NeitherhenorIamgoingtotheairport.●NotonlyMarybutalsoherparentshavegoneabroad.2.当主语前面有none,all,some,any,most,half,majority等词时,谓语动词则根据主语的具体情况而采用相应的单、复数。●Allofthemon
5、eyhasbeeninthebank.(money是不可数名词)●Allofushavebeenhere.3.“anumberof”是复数,修饰可数名词,谓语动词为复数,“thenumberof”也修饰复数名词,但谓语动词用单数。(黄金要点!!)●Anumberofstudentshavepassedtheexam.●Thenumberofstudentsinthisclassis50.IV.用作单数的复数形式主语:1.如主语是指:time,money,weight,volume,etc.虽为复数形式,但谓语用单数形式。●Twoyearsisashortt
6、ime.●Onehundreddollarsisneededbyme.2.下列单词如:physics,economics,mathematics,statistics,etc;measles,mumps,herpes,etc,news,ethics,politics,etc.为复数形式,但谓语动词用单数。●Statisticsisadullsubject.●Politicsisimportant.3.书、报、杂志、电影的名称作主语,谓动用作单数。●TheNewYorkTimesisagoodnewspaper.V.下列名词在形式上保持不变,但谓语动词的数取
7、决于其意义:1.family,team,class,committee,group,audience,faculty,etc.●Thefamilyisbig.(总体)●HisfamilyliketowatchTV.(家庭所有成员)2.species,series,etc.●Thespeciesisrare.●Thesespeciesarecommon.3.sheep,deer,etc.●Thesheepareeatinggrass.●Thesheepisbig.VI.Chinese,English,French,etc指语言时,谓动是单数,如与"the"搭
8、配,指人民时,谓语动词用复数。Englishisusedwidel