《设计外文翻译》word版

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1、本科毕业设计（论文）外文翻译专业名称：土木工程年级班级：学生姓名：指导教师：河南理工大学土木工程学院二○年月日UrbantransportationPlanningAnurbantransportationsystemisbasiccomponentofanurbanarea'ssocial，economic，andphysicalstructure.Notonlydoesthedesignandperformanceofatransportationsystemprovideopportunitiesformobility，butov

2、erthelongterm，itinfluencespatternsofgrowthandthelevelofeconomicactivitythroughtheaccessibilityitprovidestoland.Planningforthedevelopmentormaintenanceoftheurbantransportationsystemisthusanimportantactivity，bothforpromotingtheefficientmovementofpeopleandgoodsinanurbanareaa

3、ndformaintainingthestrongsupportiverolethattransportationcanplayinattainingothercommunityobjectives.Thereareseveralbasicconceptsaboutanurbantransportationsystemthatshouldbekeptinmind.Mostimportant，atransportationsysteminanurbanareaisdefinedasconsistingofthefacilitiesands

4、ervicesthatallowtravelthroughouttheregion，providingopportunitiesfor:(I)mobilitytoresidentsofanurbanareaandmovementofgoodsand(2)accessibilitytoland.Giventhisdefinition，anurbantransportationsystemcanbefurthercharacterizedbythreemajorcomponents:thespatialconfigurationthatpe

5、rmitstravelfromonelocationtoanother;thetransportationtechnologiesthatprovidethemeansofmovingoverthesedistances;andtheinstitutionalframeworkthatprovidesfortheplanning,construction,operation,andmaintenanceofsystemfacilities.TheSpatialConfigurationofaTransportationSystemOne

6、waytodescribethespatialdimensionofanurbantransportationsystemistoconsiderthecharacteristicsofindividualtripsfromanorigintoadestination.Forexample,atripcanconsistofseveraltypesofmovementundertakentoachievedifferentobjectives.Travelersleavinghomemightusealocalbussystemtore

7、achasuburbansubwaystation(atripcollectionprocess)，proceedthroughthestationtothesubwayplatform(atransferprocess)，ridethesubwaytoadowntownstation(aline-haulprocess)，andwalktoaplaceofemployment(adistributionprocess).Similarly，onecanviewahome-to-worktripbycarasconsistingofsi

8、milarsegments，withthelocalstreetsystemprovidingthetripcollectionprocess,afreewayprovidingtheline-haulca