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1、Unit4Publictransport语法PhrasalverbsⅠ.短语动词的构成1.Enjoyastoryandpayattentiontosomephraseswhilelistening.Itwasraining.Iwentintoacaféandaskedforacoffee.WhileIwaswaitingformydrink,Irealizedtherewereotherpeopleintheplace,butIsensedloneliness.Isawtheirbodies,butIcouldn’tfeeltheirsou
2、lsbecausetheirsoulsbelongedtotheNet.Istoodupandwalkedbetweenthetables,whenIcametothebiggestcomputer,Isawathin,smallmansittinginfrontofit.“I’mSteve,”hefinallyrepliedtomeafterIaskedhimacoupleoftimeswhathisnamewas.“Ican’ttalkwithyou.I’mbusy,”hesaid.Hewaschattingonlineand,atth
3、esametime,hewasplayingacomputergame—awargame.Iwassurprised.Itriedtotalktohimagain,heshoutedatme,“Ican’tputupwithyou.Leavemealone”Thatnight,Ithoughteverythingover,butwasataloss.AretheywrongorIam?2.Whatisaphrasalverb?verb+adverbverb+prepositionverb+adverb+prepositionleavemea
4、lone;thinkeverythingover;standupgointo;askfor;waitfor;cometo;talkwith;talkto;shoutat;putupwith英语中的动词,按其构成,可分为单词动词(single-wordverb)和短语动词(phrasalverb)。短语动词指由两个或两个以上单词构成的动词。这种动词主要有三种组合形式:1)动词+副词构成的动词短语动词+副词构成的动词短语分为两类：“及物动词+副词”和“不及物动词+副词”。“及物动词+副词”短语的宾语既可以放在副词之前也可以放在副词之后，但如果宾
5、语为人称代词，则必须放在副词之前。Eg.(1)Hetookoffhiscoat.(2)Havingwornhisraincoatalltheway,hetookitoffwhenhearrivedathisoffice.(3)UncleTompassedaway(去世)manyyearsago.(4)他进来时脱掉外套，出去时又穿上。Hetookoffhiscoatwhenheenteredthehouseandputitonagainwhenhewentout.(takeoff是及物短语动词)(5)Thereisoftenaspectato
6、rs’balconyatairports,wherepeoplecanwatchtheplanestakingoffandlanding.(takeoff是不及物短语动词)(6)HiswordspuzzledmesomuchthatIspentseveralminutes________________.A.makingitupB.tomakeitupC.figureditoutD.tofigureitout总结：及物动词必须加宾语意思才完整的动词。不及物动词，就是不必加宾语意思就完整的动词。2)动词+介词构成的动词短语动词+介词构成的动词
7、短语相当于及物动词，不可分开使用，其后可以直接跟宾语，宾语通常是名词、代词、动名词等，在被动语态中介词不能省略。Eg.1.Kateislookingafterhissickmother.2.前几天我遇到我的一个老朋友王晓林。IcameacrossoneofmyoldclassmatesWangXiaoping. 3.Iagreewith(与……看法一致)youonthatpoint. 4.Beforelonghetookto(爱上)agirlstudentinhisclass.3)动词+副词+介词构成的动词短语这类动词短语的宾语只能放在介词
8、的后面.常见的短语有：breakawayfrom，goonwith，catchupwith，lookdownon/upon，lookupto，makeupfor，putupwit
