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阅读理解聚焦河南(2017·河南中考)四、阅读理解(20小题，每小题2分，共40分)阅读下面四篇语言材料，然后按文后要求做题。AEatingoutAreyoulookingforsomewherespecialtogothisweekend?Doyouwanttotrysomethingnew?Checkoutoneofthesehotnewrestaurants.MusicalChairsHaveyounoticedhowmusicmakesthetasteofyourfoodbetter?ThisnewrestauranthasdifferenttypesoflivemusiceverynightexceptSundays,andexcellentfoodtogowithit.Greatfishdishes,beefandpizza.Mondayisclassicrocknight,soseeyouthere！TheChocolateBoxTheownerofthissmallcafeusedtocookallkindsoffood,butthensherealizedshepreferredsweetstoanythingelse.Ifyouwantmeatorfish,don'tcomehere.Theyonlydodesserts!Lotsofdifferentkindsofsweets.Chocolateloverswillbeexcitedbytherangeofchocolatecakes.LastDaysoftheRajAcentrallylocatedIndianrestaurant,perfectforeatingbeforeorafterthecinemaorashow.Insummerenjoyyourmealinthebeautifulgarden.Themostpopulardishesarebeefandchickencookedwithmild,mediumorhotspices.Forbravecustomersthereisextrahot！ATasteofTuscanyWhetheryou'dlikeagreatvalueformoneylunchorarelaxedeveningmealatafantasticrestaurant,thisistheplaceforyou.ThecookshaveallbeentrainedinItalyandtheymakebothtraditionalandmoderndishes.Werecommendthepastaandseafood.注：recommend推荐；spice(调味)香料根据材料内容选择最佳答案。46．What'sspecialaboutMusicalChairs？( )A．Sundayisclassicrocknighteveryweek.B．Thechairstherecanplaywonderfulmusic.C．Therestaurantonlywelcomesmusiclovers.D．Youcanenjoyyourmealwithlivemusicthere.47．WhichofthefollowingdoesTheChocolateBoxserve？( )A．Fish.B．Cakes.C．Seafood.D．Chicken.48．WhydopeoplegotoLastDaysoftheRaj？( )A．Toshowothershowbravetheywillbe.B．Toenjoythemealwhilewatchingshows. C．Totrythedishestherecookedwithspices.D．Tohavemealsinthegardenallyearround.49．WhatcanpeopledoatATasteofTuscany？( )A．Enjoyarelaxedbreakfast.B．TastedishescookedinItaly.C．Haveavalueformoneylunch.D．Learntocookpastaandseafood.50．Whatisrecommendedinthetext？( )A．Hotrestaurants.B．Specialfoods.C．Weekendactivities.D．Thebestplacestogo.BNotonlykidsofTigerMomsgotoHarvard.DawnLogginsofLawndale,N．C.,isonherwaytoHarvard,oneoftheeightworldfamousuniversitiesintheeasternUS.Nobodyencouragedhertostudyorpaidforherspecialclasses.Thisgirlcreatedherownfuture.Theteenwasabandonedbyherfamilylastsummer,whenherparentsandtwosistersmovedtoTennessee.Shefoundherselfhomelessandhadtospendthenightonfriends'sofas.TheschoolbusdriverlearnedaboutDawn'ssituationandinvitedDawntomoveinwithherfamily.Soon,DawnhadajobatBurnsHighSchool.Sheworkedfrom6a．m.to7：40a．m.beforethefirstschoolbellrang.Shesweptfloorsandpickeduptrashagainintheafternoons,beforediving(跳水)intoherstudiesintheevenings.Dawn'shardworkpaidoff.Shefinishedschoolwitha3.9GPAandscored2，110ontheSAT.“ThereweretimeswhenIfeltlikeitwouldbeeasiestifIgaveup，”the18yearoldsaid.“Butitwasneverinmetogiveup,becauseIrealizedthatIwasnevergoingtobesuccessfulunlessIgotaneducation.”EvenbeforeDawn'sfamilylefther,sheledadifficultlife.Herfamilywaspoorandcupsofnoodleswereoftentheonlyfood.Dawn“studiedbycandlelight”becauseherparentscouldn'taffordtopaytheelectricitybill(电费)．Dawnhasnowreconnectedwithherfamily.They'reproudofheraccomplishments(成就)andareattendingherhighschoolgraduation.根据材料内容选择最佳答案。51．Whydidn'tDawngiveupherstudies？( )A．Toreconnectwithherfamily.B．Tothankthosewhohadhelpedher.C．Togetaneducationtobesuccessful.D．TorealizeherdreamofgoingtoHarvard.52．WhohelpedDawnwhenshefoundherselfhomeless？( )A．Herteachers.B．Herneighbors.C．ATigerMom.D．Aschoolbusdriver.53．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“abandoned”meaninChinese？( )A．宠爱B．抛弃C．鼓励D．虐待54．WhichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribesDawn？( )A．Openminded.B．Goodnatured.C．Strongwilled.D．Warmhearted.55．What'sthebesttitleforthetext？( ) A．AnotherHarvardGirlB．AGirlinCandlelightC．FromHomelesstoHarvardD．TheRoleofTigerMomsCTheideathatredmeansstopandgreenmeansgohasinfluencedourlivesinmorewaysthanjusttrafficsignals(信号).Wehavebeentaughtfromayoungagethatthecolorredmeansdangerandgreenmeansit'sokaytomoveforward.Butwhywerethosecolorschosenfortrafficlightsinthefirstplace?Forsomethingwehavetolookateveryday,whycouldn'ttheyhavebeenprettiercolors?Well,it'simportanttoknowthatbeforetrafficlightsforcars,thereweretrafficsignalsfortrains.Atfirst,railwaycompaniesusedredtomeanstop,whitetomeango,andgreentomeanwarn.Asyoucouldimagine,trainsranintoafewproblemswithwhitemeaninggo.Forexample,onetrainmistookabrightstarforawhitelightandsomethingunexpectedhappened.Becauseofthat,railwaycompaniesfinallymovedgreenmeaninggoandusedyellowtomeanwarn.Andit'sbeenthatwayeversince.Redhasalwaysbeenacolorthatmeantdanger,longbeforecarswereevenaround.Thismostlikelystartedbecauseit'sthecolorwiththelongestwavelength(波长)soitcanbeseensomewherefartherthanothercolors.But,believeitornot,yellowwasonceusedtomeanstop.Backinthe1900s,somestopsignswereyellowbecauseitwastoohardtoseearedsigninapoorlylitarea.Finally,highlyreflectivematerials(高反射材料)weredevelopedandredstopsignswereborn.Sinceyellowcanbeseenwellatalltimesoftheday,schoolzones,sometrafficsigns,andschoolbusescontinuetobepaintedyellow.Sonexttimeyou'reimpatientlywaitingatatrafficlight,don'tgetsomadatthem;they'vecertainlycomealongway.根据材料内容选择最佳答案。56．Whatweretrafficsignalsforbeforetrafficlightsforcars？( )A．Trains.B．Boats.C．Planes.D．Bicycles.57．Whichofthefollowingcolorsmeantgoatfirst？( )A．Red.B．Yellow.C．White.D．Green.58．Whydoesredmeandanger？( )A．Becauseit'sthebrightestcolor.B．Becauseitcanbeseenfaraway.C．Becauserailwaycompaniessayso.D．Becauseithastheshortestwavelength.59．Whyareschoolbusespaintedyellow？( )A．Becauseyellowisaprettiercolor.B．Becauseyellowoncemeantdanger.C．Becauseyellowcanbeseenwellindaytime.D．Becauseyellowmeansit'sOKtogoforward.60．Whatdoesthetextmainlytellus？( )A．Howimportanttrafficlightsare.B．Whichcolorhasthelongestwavelength.C．Whatred,yellowandgreencanbeusedfor.D．Whytrafficlightsarered,yellowandgreen. DStartinghighschoolisagreatexperienceforanyteenager.Whetheryouarecomingfromamiddleschool(gradessixthrougheight)orajuniorhighschool(gradesseventhroughnine),therearemanythingsabouthighschoolthataredifferentfromyouroldschoolenvironment.61Youwillfacebeinginanewschool,makingnewfriendsinanunfamiliarclassandgettingtoknownewteachers.Thesenewteacherswillusuallyhavehigheracademic(学术的)levelsthanyourmiddleandjuniorhighschoolteachers.62Inreturn,theyexpectyoutoworkhardanddevelopyourskills.Ontopofallthis,peerpressure(同伴压力)todrinkandsmokeoftenincreasesinhighschool.63Althoughthereisalotofpressure,itisnothingyoucannotdealwith.Ifyouarefeelingpressuretodosomethingthatyoufeeliswrong,talktoafriend,parent,orcounselortofindasolution(解决).64Ifyouarenotsucceedingacademically,findsomeonetohelpyou.Ifyoufeellonely,trytojoinaschoolcluborgrouptomakenewfriends.65Withtime,youwillcometobethankfulforeverythingaboutyourexperience.Onthepointofstartingyourhighschool,areyouready?根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺、内容完整。A．Youwillexperiencemanychanges.B．Theywanttohelpyougetintocollege.C．Highschoolmayseemdiscouragingatfirst.D．Theyaretheretohelpyougetintothisgreatnewtimeinyourlife.E．Besides,thepressurecouldalsocomefromgrades,lonelinessandsoon.61．62.63.64. 65. 参考答案A【篇章导读】本文介绍了适合外出就餐的四家有特色的餐馆。46．D 细节理解题。根据MusicalChairs部分中的第二句可知选D。47．B 细节理解题。根据TheChocolateBox部分中的“Theyonlydodesserts！”可知选B。48．C 推理判断题。根据LastDaysoftheRaj部分中的倒数第二句可知选C。49．C 细节理解题。根据ATasteofTuscany部分中的第一句可知选C。50．A 细节理解题。根据文章开头的“Eatingout”和“Checkoutoneofthesehotnewrestaurants.”可知选A。B【篇章导读】并不是只有“虎妈”的孩子才能考入哈佛大学。本文主要介绍了DawnLoggins通过自己的努力考入哈佛大学的故事。51．C 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段最后一句可知，Dawn不放弃学习，是因为她意识到接受教育才能获得成功。52．D 细节理解题。根据第四段第一句可知，在Dawn发现自己无家可归时，校车司机帮助了她。53．B 词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“Shefoundherselfhomelessandhadtospendthenightonfriends'sofas.”可知，画线词意为“抛弃”。54．C 推理判断题。Dawn通过自己的努力考入哈佛大学，这说明她很坚强。55．C 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章先介绍了Dawn因搬家而变得无家可归，后来通过自己的努力考入了哈佛大学。故C项最适合作为本文的标题。C【篇章导读】本文主要介绍了交通信号灯中的红色、绿色和黄色的由来及演变。56．A 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的“thereweretrafficsignalsfortrains”可知选A。57．C 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句中的“Atfirst...whitetomeango...”可知选C。58．B 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句中的“itcanbeseensomewherefartherthanothercolors”可知选B。59．C 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句中的“Sinceyellowcanbeseenwellatalltimesoftheday”可知选C。60．D 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了交通灯中的红色、绿色和黄色的由来及演变。故选D。D【篇章导读】高中生活对年轻人来说是很好的体验，但也会面临很多变化和压力。本文对此给出了一些建议。61．A 根据下一段中的“anewschool”“newfriends”“newteachers”可知选A。62．B 根据前句中的“havehigheracademiclevels”和下句中的“toworkhardanddevelopyourskills”可知选B。63．E 本段主要谈论压力，E项中的“thepressure”是解题的关键。64．D 本段主要谈论如何应对和解决压力，D项中的They指代前句中提到的朋友、父母或是顾问。65．C 空后的“Withtime”与C项中的“atfirst”相呼应。
