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1、肺部感染常见病原菌和感染正相关因素研究【摘要】目的：了解肺部感染常见的病原菌，探讨其感染相关因素及致病菌构成比，为防治和治疗提供指导。方法：对诊断为肺部感染的316例患者进行痰菌培养及药敏试验，并对感染相关因素进行分析。结果：痰菌培养阳性率41.77%。病原菌中革兰氏阴性菌占49.24%；真菌40.91%；革兰氏阳性菌9.84%。与肺部感染关系密切的相关因素中，使用广谱抗生素94例，占71.21%;侵入性操作史者34例，占25.75%;腹部或胸部手术史者24例，占18.18%;使用激素和免疫抑制剂13例，占9.84%。结论：肺部感染的致病菌主要为革兰氏阴性菌，
2、其次为真菌和革兰氏阳性菌。致病中占比例较高的主要有铜绿假单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠埃希菌、白色念珠菌和金黄色葡萄球菌等。不合理使用广谱抗生素和免疫抑制剂；侵入性操作；原有基础疾病所引起的抵抗力下降；胸腹部手术等是引起或加重肺部感染的主要因【关键词】肺部感染；病原构成比；易感因素AnalysisofPositive-relatedFactorsbetweenPathogenicbacteriaandInfectioninPulmonaryInfectionPatients/ZHANGJian-wei,SHAORui-fang,ZHAOTian-hai.//Med
3、icalInnovationofChina,2014，11(01):023-024[Abstract]Objective:Toexplorethecommonpathogenicbacteriaoflunginfection,theinfectionrelatedfactorsandpercentagesoastoprovidedirectionofpreventionandtherapy.Method：Thesputumsamplesof316patientswithpulmonaryinfectionwereculturedandgivendrugsens
4、itivitytest,alongwithanalyzinginfection-relatedfactors.Result:Thepositiveproportionofsputumculturewere41.77%,includingGram-negativebacteria(49.24%),fungi(40.91%)andgram-positivebacteria(9.84%).Inthefactorsofclose-relatedwithpulmonaryinfection,usingbroad-spectrumantibioticwere94(71.2
5、1%)cases,invasiveoperationwere34(25.75%)cases,abdomenandthoracicsurgicaloperationwere24(18.18%)cases,usingglucocorticoidandimmunosuppressantswere13(9.84%)cases.Conclusion:Themainpathogenicbacteriaofpulmonaryinfectionaregram-negativebacteria,followedbyfungiandgram-positivebacteria.Th
6、ebelowarethehighpercentageofpathogenicbacteria,suchasPseudomonasaeruginosa,Klebsiellapneumonia,Escherichiacoli，Candidaalbican，Staphylococcusaureus.Usingbroad-spectrumantibioticsunreasonablyandusingimmunosuppressants,invasiveoperation,lowimmunitycausedbyunderlyingdiseases,thoracicand
7、abdominalsurgicaloperationaremaincausesandfactorsforpulmonaryinfectionpatients.【Keywords]Pulmonaryinfection；Pathogenicbacteria；Percentage；PredisposingfactorsFirst-author’saddress:TheForthPeople?sHospitalofXinxiangCity,Xinxiang453000,Chinadoi：10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2014.01.011肺部感染是
8、呼吸内科的常见病，也是威胁老年人健康的
