故障的分析、尺寸的决定以及凸轮的分析和应用-毕业设计外文翻译(2)

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1、FailureAnalysis,DimensionalDeterminationAndAnalysis,AppIicationsOfCamsJackBaubleAbstract：Itisabsolutelyessentialthatadesignengineerknowhowandwhypartsfailsothatreliablemachinesthatrequireminimummaintenancecanbedesigned；Camsareamongthemostversatilemechanismsavailab

2、le.Acamisasimpletwo-memberdevice.Theinputmemberisthecamitself,whiletheoutputmemberiscalledthefollower.Throughtheuseofcams,asimpleinputmotioncanbemodifiedintoalmostanyconceivableoutputmotionthatisdesired.Keywords:failurehigh-speedcamsdesignpropertiesINTRODUCTIONIt

3、isabsolutelyessentialthatadesignengineerknowhowandwhypartsfailsothatreliablemachinesthatrequireminimummaintenancecanbedesigned.Sometimesafailurecanbeserious,suchaswhenatireblowsoutonanautomobiletravelingathighspeed.Ontheotherhand,afailuremaybenomorethananuisance.

4、Anexampleisthelooseningoftheradiatorhoseinanautomobilecoolingsystem.Theconsequenceofthislatterfailureisusuallythelossofsomeradiatorcoolant，aconditionthatisreadilydetectedandcorrected.Thetypeofloadapartabsorbsisjustassignificantasthemagnitude.Generallyspeaking,dyn

5、amicloadswithdirectionreversalscausegreaterdifficultythanstaticloads,andtherefore,fatiguestrengthmustbeconsidered.Anotherconcerniswhetherthematerialisductileorbrittle.Forexample,brittlematerialsareconsideredtobeunacceptablewherefatigueisinvolved.Manypeoplemistaki

6、nglyinterpretthewordfailuretomeantheactualbreakageofapart.However,adesignengineermustconsiderabroaderunderstandingofwhatappreciabledeformationoccurs.Aductilematerial，howeverwilldeformalargeamountpriortorupture.Excessivedeformation,withoutfracture，maycauseamachine

7、tofailbecausethedeformedpartinterfereswithamovingsecondpart.Therefore,apartfails(evenifithasnotphysicallybroken)wheneveritnolongerfulfilIsitsrequiredfunction.Sometimesfailuremaybeduetoabnormalfrictionorvibrationbetweentwomatingparts.Failurealsomaybeduetoaphenomen

8、oncalledcreep,whichistheplasticflowofamaterialunderloadatelevatedtemperatures.Inaddition，theactualshapeofapartmayberesponsibleforfailure.Forexample,stressconce