故障的分析、尺寸的决定以及凸轮的分析和应用-毕业设计外文翻译 (2)

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1、FailureAnalysis，DimensionalDeterminationAndAnalysis，ApplicationsOfCamsJackBaubleAbstract：Itisabsolutelyessentialthatadesignengineerknowhowandwhypartsfailsothatreliablemachinesthatrequireminimummaintenancecanbedesigned；Camsareamongthemostversatilemechanismsavaila

2、ble．Acamisasimpletwo-memberdevice．Theinputmemberisthecamitself，whiletheoutputmemberiscalledthefollower．Throughtheuseofcams，asimpleinputmotioncanbemodifiedintoalmostanyconceivableoutputmotionthatisdesired．Keywords:failurehigh-speedcamsdesignpropertiesINTRODUCTION

3、Itisabsolutelyessentialthatadesignengineerknowhowandwhypartsfailsothatreliablemachinesthatrequireminimummaintenancecanbedesigned．Sometimesafailurecanbeserious，suchaswhenatireblowsoutonanautomobiletravelingathighspeed．Ontheotherhand，afailuremaybenomorethananuisan

4、ce．Anexampleisthelooseningoftheradiatorhoseinanautomobilecoolingsystem．Theconsequenceofthislatterfailureisusuallythelossofsomeradiatorcoolant，aconditionthatisreadilydetectedandcorrected．Thetypeofloadapartabsorbsisjustassignificantasthemagnitude．Generallyspeaking

5、，dynamicloadswithdirectionreversalscausegreaterdifficultythanstaticloads，andtherefore，fatiguestrengthmustbeconsidered．Anotherconcerniswhetherthematerialisductileorbrittle．Forexample，brittlematerialsareconsideredtobeunacceptablewherefatigueisinvolved．Manypeoplemi

6、stakinglyinterpretthewordfailuretomeantheactualbreakageofapart．However，adesignengineermustconsiderabroaderunderstandingofwhatappreciabledeformationoccurs．Aductilematerial，howeverwilldeformalargeamountpriortorupture．Excessivedeformation，withoutfracture，maycauseam

7、achinetofailbecausethedeformedpartinterfereswithamovingsecondpart．Therefore，apartfails(evenifithasnotphysicallybroken)wheneveritnolongerfulfillsitsrequiredfunction．Sometimesfailuremaybeduetoabnormalfrictionorvibrationbetweentwomatingparts．Failurealsomaybeduetoap

8、henomenoncalledcreep，whichistheplasticflowofamaterialunderloadatelevatedtemperatures．Inaddition，theactualshapeofapartmayberesponsibleforfailure．Forexample，stressconce