考研英语地的知识运用分类精讲科学技术类分类模拟二

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1、考研英语知识运用分类精讲科学技术类分类模拟(二)SectionⅠUseofEnglish  Itiswidelyknownthatbirdslearntoflythroughpractice,gradually (1) theirinnateabilityintoafinelytunedskill. (2) ,arecentstudyconductedbytheUniversityofSheffield'sDepartmentofPsychologyhasdiscoveredthatthereasonbirdslearntofl

2、ysoeasilyisbecausememoriesmayhavebeenleftbehindbytheirancestors.Theseskillsmaybeeasytoenhancebecauseofa (3) specifiedlatent (4) forflying.  Theresearchersusedsimplemodelsofbrainscalled (5) neuralnetworksandcomputer (6) totesthistheory.Theydiscoveredthatlearningin (7)

3、 generations (8) inducestheformationofalatentmemoryinthecurrentgenerationand (9) decreasestheamountoflearningrequired.Theseeffectsareespeciallypronouncedifthereisalargebiological"fitnesscost"tolearning,wherebiologicalfitnessismeasuredintermsofthenumberof (10) eachind

4、ividualhas.  Thebeneficialeffectsoflearningalso (11) theunusualformofinformationstorageinneuralnetworks. (12) computers,whichstoreeachitemofinformationinaspecificlocationinthecomputer'smemorychip,neuralnetworksstoreeachitem (13) overmanyneuronalconnections. (14) info

5、rmationisstoredinthiswaythen (15) isaccelerated,explaininghowcomplexmotorskills,suchasnestbuildingandhuntingskills,are (16) byacombinationofinnateabilityandlearningovermanygenerations.  Theresearchersconcludedthatthisnewtheoryhasits (17) inideas (18) byJamesBaldwinin

6、1896,whofirstlymadethecounter-intuitiveargumentthatlearningwithineachgenerationcouldguideevolutionofinnatebehavioroverfuturegenerations.Baldwinwasright, (19) inwayslesssophisticatedthanhecouldhaveimaginedbecauseconcepts (20) artificialneuralnetworksanddistributedrepr

7、esentationswerenotknowninhistime.1、A.adjusting      B.refining     C.changing     D.turning2、A.Indeed       B.Hence      C.Whereas     D.However3、A.genetically     B.cognitively   C.habitually    D.extrinsically4、A.storage      B.organ      C.memory     D.function5、A

8、.affected      B.artificial     C.fake      D.unrealistic6、A.dominations    B.manipulations  C.operations    D.simulations7、A.previ