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1、考研英语阅读理解A节(传统题型)分类精讲社会伦理类分类模拟(一)SectionⅡReadingComprehension ThestretchofthePacificbetweenHawaiiandCaliforniaisvirtuallyempty.Therearenoislands,noshippinglanes,nohumanpresenceforthousandsofmiles—justsea,skyandrubbish.Theprevailingcurrentscauseflotsamfromar
2、oundtheworldtoaccumulateinavastbecalmedpatchofocean.Inplaces,thereareamillionpiecesofplasticpersquarekilometre.Thatcanmeanasmuchas112timesmoreplasticthanplankton,thefirstlinkinthemarinefoodchain.Allthisaddsuptoperhaps100mtonnesoffloatinggarbage,andmoreisarr
3、ivingeveryday. Whereverpeoplehavebeen—andsomeplaceswheretheyhavenot—theyhaveleftwastebehind.Litterlinestheworld'sroads;dumpsdotthelandscape;slurryandsewagesloshintoriversandstreams.Upabove,thousandsoffragmentsofdefunctspacecraftcareenthroughspace,andoccasi
4、onallymoredebrisisproducedbycollisionssuchastheonethatdestroyedanAmericansatelliteinmid-February.KenNoguchi,amountaineer,estimatesthathehascollectedninetonnesofrubbishfromtheslopesofMountEverestduringfiveclean-upexpeditions.Thereisstillplentyleft. Theavera
5、geWesternerproducesover500kgofmunicipalwasteayear—andthatisonlythemostobviousportionoftherichworld'sdiscards.InBritain,forexample,municipalwastefromhouseholdsandbusinessesmakesupjust24%ofthetotal.Inaddition,bothdevelopedanddevelopingcountriesgeneratevastqua
6、ntitiesofconstructionanddemolitiondebris,industrialeffluent,minetailings,sewageresidueandagriculturalwaste.Extractingenoughgoldtomakeatypicalweddingring,forexample,cangeneratethreetonnesofminingwaste. Rubbishmaybeuniversal,butitislittlestudiedandpoorlyunde
7、rstood.Nobodyknowshowmuchofittheworldgeneratesorwhatitdoeswithit.Inmanyrichcountries,andmostpoorones,onlythepatchiestofrecordsarekept.Thatmaybeunderstandable:bydefinition,wasteissomethingitsownernolongerwantsortakesmuchinterestin. Ignorancespawnsscares,suc
8、hasthefusssurroundingNewYork'sinfamousgarbagebarge,whichin1987sailedtheAtlanticforsixmonthsinsearchofaplacetodumpitsload,givingmanyAmericansthefalseimpressionthattheircountrylandfillshadrunoutofspace.I
