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时间:2018-12-07
《考研英语地的知识运用分类精讲科学技术类分类模拟二》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在工程资料-天天文库。
1、考研英语知识运用分类精讲科学技术类分类模拟(二)SectionⅠUseofEnglish Itiswidelyknownthatbirdslearntoflythroughpractice,gradually (1) theirinnateabilityintoafinelytunedskill. (2) ,arecentstudyconductedbytheUniversityofSheffield'sDepartmentofPsychologyhasdiscoveredthatthereasonbirdslearntofl
2、ysoeasilyisbecausememoriesmayhavebeenleftbehindbytheirancestors.Theseskillsmaybeeasytoenhancebecauseofa (3) specifiedlatent (4) forflying. Theresearchersusedsimplemodelsofbrainscalled (5) neuralnetworksandcomputer (6) totesthistheory.Theydiscoveredthatlearningin (7)
3、 generations (8) inducestheformationofalatentmemoryinthecurrentgenerationand (9) decreasestheamountoflearningrequired.Theseeffectsareespeciallypronouncedifthereisalargebiological"fitnesscost"tolearning,wherebiologicalfitnessismeasuredintermsofthenumberof (10) eachind
4、ividualhas. Thebeneficialeffectsoflearningalso (11) theunusualformofinformationstorageinneuralnetworks. (12) computers,whichstoreeachitemofinformationinaspecificlocationinthecomputer'smemorychip,neuralnetworksstoreeachitem (13) overmanyneuronalconnections. (14) info
5、rmationisstoredinthiswaythen (15) isaccelerated,explaininghowcomplexmotorskills,suchasnestbuildingandhuntingskills,are (16) byacombinationofinnateabilityandlearningovermanygenerations. Theresearchersconcludedthatthisnewtheoryhasits (17) inideas (18) byJamesBaldwinin
6、1896,whofirstlymadethecounter-intuitiveargumentthatlearningwithineachgenerationcouldguideevolutionofinnatebehavioroverfuturegenerations.Baldwinwasright, (19) inwayslesssophisticatedthanhecouldhaveimaginedbecauseconcepts (20) artificialneuralnetworksanddistributedrepr
7、esentationswerenotknowninhistime.1、A.adjusting B.refining C.changing D.turning2、A.Indeed B.Hence C.Whereas D.However3、A.genetically B.cognitively C.habitually D.extrinsically4、A.storage B.organ C.memory D.function5、A
8、.affected B.artificial C.fake D.unrealistic6、A.dominations B.manipulations C.operations D.simulations7、A.previ
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