论英语被动语态的语用功能

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1、论英语被动语态的语用功能OnPragmaticFunctionsofEnglishPassiveVoiceGUANJin(GuangdongUniversityofForeignStudies,Guangzhou,Guangdong510420)AbstractPassivevoiceisusedwhenthedoerofanactionisunknownorwhenthetargetofanactionshouldbehighlighted・Thepresentstudywillanalyzethepragmaticfunctionsofpassivevoicethrought

2、heselectedexamplesfromauthenticdiscourse・Keywordsgrammar;passivevoice;pragma廿cfunctions中图分类号：H315文献标识码：ADOI：10.16400/j.cnki.kjdkz.2015.05.0601IntroductionLiteratureonthestudiesconcerningpassivevoicedemonstratesthatpassivevoicehasbeeninvestigatedfromdifferentangleswithdifferentfocusesintraditi

3、onalgrammarandfunctionalgrammar.Traditionalgrammarexaminesthepassivevoicemostlyfromasyntacticperspectivewhilefunctionalgrammarconcentratesontheinformationflowofactiveandpassivevoice・Thepresentstudywillanalyzethepragmaticfunctionsofpassivevoicethroughtheselectedexamplesfromauthenticdiscourse・2

4、Functionsofpassivevoice2.1ToputtheinformationfocusonactionsandprocessesByusingthepassivevoice,theinformationfocuscanbeshiftedfromtheactorofanactionintheactivevoicetotheactionitself.Theshift,asaconsequence,augmentstheobjectivityoftheinformationconveyed・Therefore,thepassivevoiceisuniversallyuse

5、dinscientificortechnicalwritings,wherethevitalinformationistheproceduresorprinciplesratherthanthedoerofanaction.?Forexample，“Bloodwasdrawn?fromthesubjectusingan18gaugeVacutainerneedletakenfromtheantecubitalspace(insideofelbow)into10mLvacuumvials・TheVacutainervialscontainedsodiumheparinasanant

6、icoagulant.The10mLofbloodwasdilutedbyadditionof40mLofDIwatertoproducea20%dilution.DilutionwasnecessarysothatthebloodcouldbedrawnthroughtheaspiratortubingintothenebulizeroftheAASforanalysis."(^Silvercolloids：Laboratoryreport,v2001)Thistextisabouthowtomakethebloodsample,andtheprocessofmakingthe

7、sampleismorecrucialthantheactor.Therefore,thepassivevoiceisusedinthistexttoaccentuatetheinformationabouttheprocessofmakingthebloodsample.Ifwereplacethepassivevoicewiththeactivevoiceinthefirstsentence,thetextwouldbe“wetook18gaugeVacutainerneed