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《艾伦坡侦探小说的特点及影响（The Characteristics of Allan Poe’s Detective Fiction）》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。
1、I.IntroductionEdgarAllanPoewasoneofthemostinfluentialwritersinthehistoryofAmericanliterature.Hewasfamousasacritic,poetandshortstorywriter.ShawsaidPoewasthegreatestjournalisticcriticofhistime.AllofhisworksaretheimportantelementsinAmericanliterature,es
2、peciallyhisshortstories,whichweredividedintodetectivefictionandhorrorfiction.Asamanofliterarygenius,Poehadaverymiserablememoryofhischildhoodandimpoverishedyouths.AllanPoeonlylivedfor40years(1809~1849).HisparentswereStreetartists,whobothdiedprematurel
3、y.Poewasadoptedbyamerchant.Whenhewasateenager,theirrelationshipbecamedeteriorated.Maybehewaslackofthesenseofsecurity,hebegantogambleandaddictedtoloveaffair.Hecouldnotbeartheactualworld,sothatalcoholwasthebestwaytoescape,aswellaswriting.However,hismis
4、erableexperiencehelpedhimtoshapethefeelingoffancy,andstimulatehiseagertosolvetheproblem.Duringhislife,hehadwrittenalmost70storiesandadozenpoems,andtheywereimmenselyinterestingandinfluentialasaliteraryinheritance.Includingtheworks,therewereonlyafewdet
5、ectivefictions.Buttheymarkedthebirthofwesterndetectivefiction.Itwasnotuntilthefirstofthenineteenthcentury,withPoe¡¯spublicationofTheMurdersintheRueMorgue(1841)tobeexact,thatthedetectivestorycameintobeinganddistinguisheditselffrompuremystery,andemphas
6、izingdetectiveproceduresinsteadofthrillingevents,thusencouragingthereadertojoinwiththeauthorandthedetectiveindiscoveringthetruthbehindthemystery.Besidesthat,Poehadanotherfourtypicaldetectivefictions,TheMysteryofMarieRoget,TheGoldBug,ThePurloinedLette
7、r,ThouArttheMan,whichrepresentthefivepatternsofdetectivefiction.Theprinciplefortheshortstoryisclarity.Poeoncesaid¡°theshortstorymustbeofsuchlengthastobereadatonesitting,soastoensurethetotalityofimpression.Nowordshouldbeusedwhichdoesnotcontributetothe
8、¡®pre-established¡¯designofthework.Ataleshouldrevealsomelogicaltruthwith¡®thefullestsatisfaction¡¯andshouldendwiththelastsentence,leavingasenseoffinalitywiththereader.¡±Heassertedthatthestoryshouldbesoshortthatreaderscanfinishinhalfanhourorless.What¡
