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1、存貨管理程序與供應鏈之關係LearningObjectives-Afterreadingthischapter,youshouldbeabletodothefollowing:瞭解供應鏈整合流程對存貨的重要性.瞭解有效的存貨管理對於returnonassets(ROA)的重要性.存貨在公司中所辦演的角色和為什麼存貨水平和國內資源生產總額(GDP)有遞減的相關性.Chapter62ManagementofBusinessLogistics,7thEd.LearningObjectives瞭解主要進行存貨的原因.解釋存貨對於公司主要營運範圍的角色.探討主要幾種存貨相關的費用和決定存貨的關係.Cha
2、pter63ManagementofBusinessLogistics,7thEd.LearningObjectives瞭解如何設計存貨以達到最高的存貨管理.存貨的價值和促進供應鏈的成效.瞭解公司如何評估存貨管理方式的成效.Chapter64ManagementofBusinessLogistics,7thEd.LogisticsProfile:MicrosandMore“Inventory,inventory,inventory….Iamsickandtiredofhearingcomplaintsaboutourinventorylevelsandthecostsassociatedwit
3、hcarryinginventory,”mutteredtheCOO.存貨的角色是甚麼?存貨管理需要考量的利與弊?存貨相關的費用?供應鏈能對存貨管理有幫助嗎?Chapter65ManagementofBusinessLogistics,7thEd.ManagementofInventoryFlowsintheSupplyChain:Introduction存貨被識為資產的重要性日漸提昇,各公司為因應存貨的施行減少定值資產的投資.改變存貨所導致財產利潤(ROA)的影響,內部及外部.最終的目標為平衡供給和需求.Chapter66ManagementofBusinessLogistics,7thEd
4、.InventoryintheEconomy存貨在經濟體中已經開始減少.AsapercentageoftheGDP,from1985to2000,inventorylevelshavedecreasedfrom5.4%toabout3.8%ExamineTable6-1.Chapter67ManagementofBusinessLogistics,7thEd.Table6-1:MacroInventoryCostinRelationtoU.S.GrossDomesticProductChapter68ManagementofBusinessLogistics,7thEd.OntheLine:I
5、nventoryTurns將存貨視為評定公司產品在市場上的銷售好壞及存貨管理的憑鑑.不斷的由傳統build-to-forecast製造模型發展進一步到更彈性build-to-demand系統.著重於fullyintegratedsupplychain代表inventories無法發揮效益.“理想中,零庫存將使資金流量最大化.”存貨週轉大約30到40次/年.Chapter69ManagementofBusinessLogistics,7thEd.InventoryintheFirm:RationaleforInventory生產線的繁衍生產線有不斷增加的趨勢.造成更多的庫存品.ExamineTa
6、ble6-2TotalLogisticsCosts-1999.存貨的花費金額為$332billion,佔大約百分之35的公司物流總花費.Chapter610ManagementofBusinessLogistics,7thEd.Table6-2TotalLogisticsCosts---1999Chapter611ManagementofBusinessLogistics,7thEd.InventoryintheFirm:BatchingEconomies/CycleStocks價格打折造成考量選擇大量購買或節省儲存庫存的費用.儲存庫存的費用往往較大量採購所節省之花費為低.Chapter612
7、ManagementofBusinessLogistics,7thEd.InventoryintheFirm:BatchingEconomies/CycleStocks運輸費用的減免以大量運輸費率計價.以大量船運方式更減少車子運輸費用.低消費物價則反應低貨物運費.Chapter613ManagementofBusinessLogistics,7thEd.InventoryintheFirm:Bat
