资源描述：
《Slavery to Civil Rights.ppt》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、SlaveryintheUnitedStatesbegansoonafterEnglishcolonistsfirstsettledinVirginiain1607andlastedasalegalinstitutionuntilthepassageoftheThirteenthAmendmenttotheUnitedStatesConstitutionin1865.InpartbecauseofthesuccessoftobaccointheSoutherncolonies,itslabour-intensivecharac
2、tercausedplanterstoimportmoreslavesforlabourbytheendofthe17thcenturythandidthenortherncolonies.TheSouthhadasignificantlyhighernumberandproportionofslavesinthepopulation.Peter,aslavefromBatonRouge,Louisiana,1863.Thescarsarearesultofawhippingbyhisoverseer,whowassubseq
3、uentlyfiredbythemaster.Ittooktwomonthstorecoverfromthebeating.From1654until1865,slaveryforlifewaslegalwithintheboundariesofmuchofthepresentUnitedStates.Mostslaveswereblackandwereheldbywhites,althoughsomeNativeAmericansandfreeblacksalsoheldslaves;therewereasmallnumbe
4、rofwhiteslavesaswell.ThemajorityofslaveholdingwasinthesouthernUnitedStateswheremostslaveswereengagedinanefficientmachine-likegangsystemofagriculture,withfarmsoffifteenormoreslavesfeaturingahigherfactorofproductivitycomparedtothosefarmswithoutslaves.Ninety-fivepercen
5、tofblackpeoplelivedintheSouth,comprisingone-thirdofthepopulationthere,asopposedto2%ofthepopulationoftheNorth.Despitebeinganefficienteconomicsystem,slaverydidnotspreadnorthwardduetothenatureofthesoilintheregionandthetypesofcropstypicallyproducedthere.Atthetime,princi
6、palimportersofslavesweresugarandcottongrowingregions.Bothofthesecropsweremoresuitablyfarmedonplantationsandinthesoilofthesouthernregions.ThewealthoftheUnitedStatesinthefirsthalfofthe19thcenturywasgreatlyenhancedbythelabourofAfricanAmericans.ButwiththeUnionvictoryint
7、heAmericanCivilWar,theslave-laboursystemwasabolishedintheSouth.Thiscontributedtothedeclineofthepost-bellumSoutherneconomy,butitwasmostaffectedbythecontinuingdeclineinthepriceofcottonthroughtheendofthecentury.SimonLegreeandUncleTom:AscenefromUncleTom'sCabin,history's
8、mostfamousabolitionistnovel.DuringReconstruction,itwasaseriousquestionwhetherslaveryhadbeenpermanentlyabolishedorwhethersomeformofsemi-sla
