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1、-没有显著性差异（P=0.509>0.05）；无月光的夜晚（30.3±17.5min）稍比有月亮的夜晚（40.5±6.4min）出飞早，但差异也不显著（P=0.440>0.05），在月变化上，黑髯墓蝠的出飞时间存在明显的差异（P=0.009<0.05），且晚间的出飞时间与日落有显著的相关性（r2=0.77,P=0.000<0.01），晚间出飞结束时间与日落的相关性不显著（r2=0.39,P>0.05）。黑髯墓蝠的平均出飞率（每分钟出飞的个数）在不同的月份有所差异，在5月份和6月份黑髯墓蝠的平均出飞率较低，在7月份达到最高，在8月份和9
2、月份又急剧下降。通过对黑髯墓蝠的食性、回声定位信号特征和晚间出飞时间的研究，了解了该物种相关的生态学特征，为蝙蝠多样性保护提供一些科学的参考依据。关键词：黑髯墓蝠；食性；回声定位信号特征；晚间出飞时间；生态学III---AbstractWestudieddiet,echolocationcallsandnightemergencetimeofblack-beardedtombbat,Taphozousmelanopogon(Emballonuridae)atyanqianvillage,Zhaoyangcountryside,guil
3、incity,guangxiProvince,SouthChinabetweenJunetoSeptember,2005andJunetoOctober,2006.Wecaptured5579insectsbelongingto17orders(includingspider)atbats’potentialfeedingareas.Amongthesepreytaxa,Lepidopteraisthelargestpart(49.76%),followedbyColeoptera(12.18%),Dipptera(9.99%),Or
4、thoptera(8.85%),Homoptera(6.77%),Hemiptera(4.87%),Odonata(2.7%),Hymenoptera(1.7%)andTrichoptera(1.06%).Otherordersarelessthan1%,suchasNeuroptera(0.73%),Dermaptera(0.57%),Phasmida(0.29%),Blattaria(0.02%),Isoptera(0.01%),Spider(0.01%),Megaloptera(0.006%)andMantodea(0.003%
5、).Asformonthlyvariationofpotentialpreytaxa,theresultshowsthatLepidopteraisthelargestportionduringtheperiodthoughwithdrasticvariation,Dipptera,HomopteraandOrthopteragottotheirhighestportioninAugustwhileLepidopteradecreasedsharplyatthisperiod.TheportionofHemipteraincrease
6、dgradually,comparedtoColeopteradecreasedslowlyinthefollowingmonth.HymenopteraandOdonatakeptthesameportionduringthisperiod.Atotalof344fecalsampleswerecollectedandanalyzedfromtheday-roostofthe---studiedblack-beardedtombbats,andtotallyeightinsectorderswerefound.Leidopterai
7、sthemostabundantorderinthediet(65.67%),followedbyHemiptera(19.42%),Diptera(11.06%),Coleoptera(1.67%),Orthoptera(0.65%),Odonata(1.05%),Hymenoptera(0.26%)andNeuroptera(0.22%).Thedietofthisspeciesclearlyshowedmonthlyvariation(X2=422.96,df=7,P=0.0<0.001)(Table3).ExceptLepid
8、optera,nopreyitem>50%oftotalfrequencypercentageamongAugustandOctober,butHemipteraaccountedfor>50%frequencyperc
