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1、MolecularBiologyToday2001.2(2):27-32. PCRPrimerDesignVinayK.SinghandAnilKumar BioinformaticsSub-centre,SchoolofBiotechnology,DeviAhilyaUniversity,KhandwaRoad,Indore452017MP,India Abstract TomakePCRaspecific,efficientandcosteffectivetoolforresearchersandclinician
2、sthemostimportantaspectisoligonucleotideprimerdesign.Thisreviewdiscussesvariousaspectsofprimerdesign.Adviceisprovidedforoptimaldesignandtheroleofbioinformatictoolsishighlighted.Theauthorsdiscusstheoreticalconsiderationsandcomparecomputationalandexperimentalstudie
3、s. Introduction Bioinformaticsisanewly-emergedinter-disciplinaryresearchareaspanningarangeofspecialtiesthatincludemolecularbiology,biophysics,computerscience,mathematicsandstatistics.Itmakesuseofscientificandtechnologicaladvancesintheareasofcomputerscience,inform
4、ationtechnologyandcommunicationtechnologytosolvecomplexproblemsinlifesciences,particularlyproblemsinbiotechnology.Bioinformaticscomprisesofthedevelopmentandapplicationofalgorithmsfortheanalysisandinterpretationofdata,forthedesignandconstructionofvitaldatabases,an
5、dforthedesignofexperiments.Bioinformaticsisusedinterchangeablywiththetermsbiocomputingandcomputationalbiology.However,biocomputingismorecorrectlydefinedasthesystematicdevelopmentandapplicationofcomputingsystemsandcomputationalsolutiontechniquestomodelbiologicalph
6、enomena.Polymerasechainreaction(PCR)isonesuchphenomenon.PCRisusedfortheinvitroamplificationofDNAatthelogarithmicscale.VariouscomponentsofthePCRreactionsuchasTaqDNApolymerase,assaybuffer,deoxynucleosidetriphosphates,stabilizingagents,andprimersmakeitpossibleforthe
7、DNAtemplatetobeamplifiedsufficientlyinvitrotoattaindetectablequantities.PCRcanbeusedforvariouspurposessuchastheamplificationofhumanspecificDNAsequences,differentiationofspecies,sub-speciesandstrains,DNAsequencing,detectionofmutations,monitoringcancertherapy,detec
8、tionofbacterialandviralinfections,pre-determinationofsex,linkageanalysisusingsinglespermcells,ascertainingrecombinantclonesandstudyingmolecularevolution.PCRisa