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时间:2018-11-23
《初中英语语法宾语从句讲解-专项练习与答案解析》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在应用文档-天天文库。
1、英语语法宾语从句讲解小口诀:宾语从句三注意,时态语序引导词;主句一般现在时,从句不需受限制;主句一般过去时,从句须用相应时;陈述转化that引,一般疑问用if/whether,特殊问句疑问词,引导词后陈述式。一.基本讲解来源:直接引语变间接引语概念:在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句,可做V谓/介词短语的宾语。e.g.Hesaid,“Iamgoodatdrawing”.Hesaidhewasgoodatdrawing.(动词宾语)MissZhangisangryatwhatyousaid.(介词宾语)1.引导词(1)that引导宾语从句时
2、,通常用陈述句充当,that可省略。e.g.Shesaid,“Iwanttogothere”Shesaid(that)shewantedtogothere.Theyallknow(that)Jimisgoodatskating.(2)whether或if引导的宾语从句,由一般疑问句/选择疑问句充当,陈述语序。e.g.“Areyouinterestedingeography?”shesaid.Sheaskedif/whetherIwasinterestedingeography.Iwonderif/whethershehastoldth
3、enewtoLiLei.I’mnotsurewhetherhewillcomeornot.注意:一般情况下,whether和if可以互用,但有些情况例外a.介词短语后只用whether不用ife.g.Wearetalkingaboutwhetherwe'llgoonthepanic.b.引导词与动词不定式或ornot连用时,只用whether.e.g.Ican’tsaywhetherornothewillcomeontimec.if当如果讲时,引导的是条件状语从句,表示‘如果’,不能用whether.e.g.Ifyouwanttobe
4、agoodteacher,itwilltaketimes.Whetheryoucansucceeddependsonhowmucheffortyoupay.(3)特殊疑问词引导宾语从句时,不可省略,陈述句语序。特殊疑问词为:how,when,where,why,whichwhose.What引导宾从时做主语或宾语或表语等。e.g.‘Whatdoyouwant?’Heasked.HeaskedmewhatIwanted.Ihavenoideawhereheisnow.Idon’tknowhowtodealwithit.Heaskedwh
5、osehandwritingisthebestintheclass.对比下列句子,看what做什么成分:Heaskedwhatwasthewrong/matterwithme.(what做主语)Hedoesn’tknowwhattodonow.(做宾语)Heaskedmewhohewas.(who做表语)2.宾语从句时态a.主句为一般现在时,从句不受主句的限制e.g.Doyouknowif/whetherhehasseenthefilm?I’msorrytohearthatyourfatherisill.Shesayssheisgoi
6、ngtogotoBeijingnextweek.Hetellsmethathissistercamebackyesterday.b.当主句是一般过去时,从句用过去的相应某种时态Shedidn’tknowwhytheboywaslateagain.(过去一般)Ididn'tknowif/whetherhehadseenthefilm.(过去完成)IwonderedwhenshewasgoingtoAmerica.(过去将来)注意:当主句是一般过去时,而从句表示的是客观真理,自然现象,科学原理,格言等,从句仍然要用一般现在时。例如:e.g
7、.Hesaid(thattheearthmovesroundthesun./thatlighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.)Theteachertoldus(seeingisbelieving.)3.语序:陈述语序,主+谓+其他whenwillyouleaveforBeijing?(Couldyoupleasetellme)CouldyoupleasetellmewhenyouwillleaveforBeijing?Hassheseenthemovie?(Heasked.)Heaskedifshehadsee
8、nthemovie.Couldyoutellmewhat'sthematter/wrongwithyou?二、宾语从句的转化1.当主句谓语动词是hope,wish,decide,forget,plan,agree等,且主
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