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1、身体现象学对认知科学的批判（Criticismofbodyphenomenologyoncognitivescience）Bodyphenomenology:acritiqueofcognitivescienceSource:Author:XuXianjuntransportnetwork1reviewofcognitivescienceCognitivesciencewasoriginallyarevoltagainstBehaviorism.Becausetheconceptofinformationandcomputerapplication,theco
2、gnitiveresearcherscangetridofthementalist(Mentalism)fear,andcantakethecomputerasthemodeltounderstandtheprocessofinformationprocessinginthebrainasthebehaviorfoundation.Intheearlydays,mostofthedirectthinkingofcognitivesciencecamefromcomputerscience,psychology,andneuroscience.Theeffort
3、todesignintelligentmachines(i.e.,artificialintelligence)(hereaftercalledAI--Artificial)Intelligence))itplaysakeyroleinitsdevelopment,andearlycognitivesciencemainlyreferstoAI.Inanutshell,cognitivescienceisascientificstudyofmentalactivity,mentalprocesses,andcognitiveprocessesinparticu
4、lar.Cognitivescienceisamultidisciplinaryscientificstudyofcognitionanditsstatusinintelligentagents.Itexamineswhatcognitionisandhowthecognitiveprocessis."[1].Itcoversawiderangeofsubjects,includingphilosophy,neuroscience,cognitivepsychology,linguistics,computerscienceandanthropology.St
5、ructurally,cognitivesciencecanbedividedintotwoparts:thephilosophicalpartandtheengineeringpart.Partofphilosophyliesinthecognitivephilosophyofscientistsaboutwhatcognitionisandhowthecognitiveprocessis.Thephilosophicalpartofcognitivescienceisitsparadigm.Partoftheproject:cognitivescienti
6、stsputtheirphilosophicalfoundationsintoengineeringpractices,suchasdesigningintelligentrobots,programming,andenablingcomputerstoperformspecificintelligenttasks.Thephilosophicalpartisthebasisoftheengineeringpart,sothesetbackintheengineeringpartcanbetracedtothemistakesinthephilosophica
7、lpart.Cognitivesciencehasthefollowingbasicprinciples:[2]1.extremeoppositionbetweencognitivescienceandbehaviorismisthatitexplainstheinternalprocessofcognitivebehaviorinacognitiveorganism.Inotherwords,althoughcognitivesciencestillregardsbehaviorasaspecificobjectofinvestigation,itopens
8、the"blackbox"closed
