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1、文化背景知识和翻译[Abstract]Itisagreedthatlanguageisaponentofcultureandreflectsit;translationisnotonlythelinguisticbutalsothemunicationofcultures.Culturebackgroundknos,religionartsandotheraspectsofasociety.Alsoitconditionsthepsychologicalmake-upofindividuals.Therefore,targetla
2、nguagereadersmayexperiencecultureshockfromtranslationsdonotproperlydealeaningandimplicationthatthetexthasinaspecificculturalcontext.Innature,translationisakindofmunicationbetergeasproblemstobesolvedatthefirstplace.Thatrequiresthetranslatorsnotonlyshouldhavebilingualab
3、ilitiesbutalsoshouldhavetheknooreimportantthanthebilingualability.[1]E.B.Tylor,ananthropologist,thoughtcultureisaplicatedgathering,includingknooralstandards,lasandalltheabilitiesandhabitsofindividualsasmembersofasociety.[2]Thescopeofcultureisextremelyake-up,historical
4、,tradition,socialcustoms,believesandgeographicfeaturesthatthelanguagereflects.Tounderstandthesourcelanguageandtheoriginaltext,translatorshavetoanalyzethoseculturalcharacteristicsofalanguage.2.CultureandlanguageCultureisaplicatedsystemincludingandinfluencingalmostallth
5、easpectsoflifeinasociety.Thelanguagethatthesocietyusesisnoexception.Hosandtheabilityandhabitsofindividualsasmembersofasociety.Hereknoicsubjects,bothscientificandnotscientific,forexample,mathematicsandlinguistics.Beliefcouldbedividedintotongpeoplesandoftencoursediffere
6、ntprehensionandevenconflicts.ExamplesareChristianityintheintheMuslincountries.Artsprisepainting,architecture,sculpture,literature,opera,dancing,musicetc.(Somepeoplemaintainthatfilmisalsoasortofthearts.)Ethicsisasetofprinciplesthatpeopleusetodecideeasurable.Languageisa
7、partofit.Alllanguagesgroofsounds,an’stomunicatethoughtsandfeelings.ostNorthAmericanslearntosayyesandnoasameansofexpressingtheirindividualvieunication.Forexample,ChineseandEnglishhaveadifferentans"Thatisbecausetheunicationcanbeavoided.Thiscontrary-to-face-valueaspectof
8、AsianverballanguagebehaviorcanbeconfusingtoNorthAmericans.Theindirectuseoflanguageisevidentinple,anAmericanhostorhostess,ent
