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1、作物学报ACTAAGRONOMICASINICA2010,36(5):818−825http://www.chinacrops.org/zwxb/ISSN0496-3490;CODENTSHPA9E-mail:xbzw@chinajournal.net.cnDOI:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2010.00818不同基因型玉米籽粒类胡萝卜素与花色苷色素积累规律崔丽娜高荣岐孙爱清董树亭*张华永山东农业大学农学院/作物生物学国家重点实验室,山东泰安271018摘要:以黄色(特爆2号)、红色(西星赤糯1号)、紫色(紫糯香)和黑色(西星黑糯1号)4种
2、颜色的玉米为材料,通过徒手切片以及分光光度法,研究了玉米籽粒色素的组成、分布和积累规律。结果显示,西星赤糯1号玉米籽粒色素主要由花色苷和类胡萝卜素构成,花色苷主要存在于果种皮中,类胡萝卜素主要存在于胚与胚乳中;特爆2号玉米籽粒色素主要由类胡萝卜素构成,分布于胚与胚乳中;紫糯香及西星黑糯1号玉米籽粒色素主要由花色苷构成,主要存在于糊粉层中。除西星赤糯1号的花色苷积累首先出现于胚上方的花柱遗迹附近外,其余品种色素均首先在籽粒顶端出现,随后向四周延伸。玉米籽粒色素(除紫糯香)吸收峰随时间的变化先升高后降低。灌浆前期玉米果穗色素含量上部>中部>下部,到灌浆后
3、期,中部色素含量大于其他两部分色素含量。关键词:玉米;花色苷;类胡萝卜素;基因型RegularityofCarotenoidsandAnthocyaninsAccumulationinVariousGeno-
typesofMaizeKernelCUILi-Na,GAORong-Qi,SUNAi-Qing,DONGShu-Ting*,andZHANGHua-YongAgronomyCollegeofShandongAgriculturalUniversity/StateKeyLaboratoryofCropBiology,Tai’an271018,C
4、hinaAbstract:Colourfulmaize(ZeamaysL.)kernelcontainsahugeamountofpigmentssuchascarotenoidsandanthocyanins,which
isthemainoriginofnaturalpigments.Manystudiesfocusedontheextractionmethodandpigmentscharacteristics,buttheaccu-
mulationregulationsofmaizepigmentshavenotbeenclearyet.F
5、ourmaizevarietieswithdifferentcolourssuchasZinuoxiang
(purple),Xixingchinuo1(red),Xixingheinuo1(black),andTebao2(yellow)wereusedtostudythecomposition,distributionand
accumulationregularityofmaizepigmentsbybare-handedsectionsandspectrophotometry.Theresultsshowedthatthepigments
o
6、fXixingchinuo1consistedofcarotenoidsandanthocyanins.Theanthocyaninsmainlyexistedinseedcapsule,whichappeared
firstlyatthetopofembryonearbythestylevestige,andthenextendedaround.Thedorsumofmaizekernelscontainedhigher
anthocyaninscontentsthantheabdomen.Thecarotenoidsmainlyexistedin
7、embryoandendosperm,whichfirstappearedatthe
topofkernels,andthenextendedaroundwiththetime.CarotenoidswerethepredominantpigmentsinTebao2,andtheirdistribu-
tionandaccumulationregularitieswereconsistentwiththoseinXixingchinuo1.ThepigmentsofZinuoxiangandXixingheinuo1
weremainlyantho
8、cyanins,whichpredominantlyexistedinaleuronelayerofmaiz
