资源描述：
《the great people》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、THEGREATPEOPLEECONOMYI.AdamSmith（1723-1790）aScottishsocialphilosopherandapioneerofpoliticaleconomyOneofthekeyfiguresoftheScottishEnlightenmenttheauthorofThePrinciplesWhichLeadandDirectPhilosophicalEnquiriesWORKS:TheTheoryofMoralSentiments(1759)TheWealthofNations(177
2、6)----thefirstmodernworkofeconomicsSmithiswidelycitedasthefatherofmoderneconomicsandcapitalism(资本主义制度）SmithstudiedsocialphilosophyattheUniversityofGlasgowandatBalliolCollegeintheUniversityofOxford,wherehewasoneofthefirststudentstobenefitfromscholarshipssetupbyhisfel
3、lowGlaswegianJohnSnell.II.DavidRicardo(1772-1823)anEnglishpoliticaleconomistoneofthemostinfluentialoftheclassicaleconomists,alongwithThomasMalthus,AdamSmith,andJohnStuartMill.HewasalsoamemberofParliament,businessman,financierandspeculator.CONTRIBUTION:thelawofcompar
4、ativeadvantage(比较利益原则）——afundamentalargumentinfavouroffreetradeamongcountriesofspecialisationamongindividuals（一个基本论点赞成自由贸易国家之间和个人之间的分工）ThomasRobertMalthusFRS（FRS是指英国皇家学会会员）anEnglishscholar,influentialinpoliticaleconomyanddemography（人口统计学）.WORKS:AnEssayonthePrinciple
5、ofPopulation(publishedfrom1798to1826)SCIENCESirIsaacNewtonPRSMP(1642-1727)anEnglishphysicist,mathematician,astronomer,naturalphilosopher,alchemist,andtheologian.WORKS:PhilosophiæNaturalisPrincipiaMathematica《哲学的数学原理》（1684）——laysthefoundationsformostofclassicalmechan
6、ics奠定基础的经典力学HistheoryofgravitationremovethelastdoubtsaboutheliocentrismandadvancingtheScientificRevolution.StephenWilliamHawking(1942-)CH，CBE，FRS，FRSAaBritishtheoreticalphysicist,cosmologist,andauthorthetheoreticalpredictionthatblackholesshouldemitradiation,whichist
7、odayknownasHawkingradiation(orsometimesasBekenstein–Hawkingradiation).WORKS:ABriefHistoryofTime《时间简史》theUniverseinaNutshell《果壳中的宇宙》HawkingwastheLucasianProfessorofMathematicsattheUniversityofCambridgebetween1979and2009.Subsequently,hebecameresearchdirectorattheunive
8、rsity'sCentreforTheoreticalCosmology.Hawkinghasamotorneuronediseaserelatedtoamyotrophiclateralsclerosis,aconditionthathasprogressedoverthe
