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时间:2018-11-14
《英美概况课件 3 british government》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、TheGovernmentofTheUK1.Britainisarguablytheoldestrepresentativedemocracyintheworld,withrootsthatcanbetracedoverathousandyears.2.Itsprocessofstate-buildinghasbeenoneofevolutionratherthanrevolution,incontrasttoFranceandAmerica.3.NowadaysBritainisbothparliamentarydemocracyandconstituti
2、onalmonarchy.www.themegallery.comCompanyLogo4.TheofficialheadofthestateistheQueen.ThegovernmentatnationalandlocalleveliselectedbythepeopleandgovernsaccordingtoBritishconstitutionalprinciples.www.themegallery.comCompanyLogoITheMonarchy1.Theoldestinstitutionofgovernment,datingbacktot
3、heSaxons.2.Divinerightofkings:ItwasheldthatthesovereignderivedhisauthorityfromGod,notfromhissubjects.WhiletheKingintheoryhadGodonhisside,inpracticeeveninmedievaltimesitwasthoughtthatheshouldnotexerciseabsolutepower.www.themegallery.comCompanyLogo3.MagnaCarta(大宪章):Agangoffeudalbaron
4、sandtheChurchopposedsomeofKingJohn’s(1199-1216)policies.Thisoppositionswassopowerfulthatthekingfinallygrantedthemacharteroflibertyandpoliticalrights,stillknownbyitsmedievalLatinnameofMagnaCarta.www.themegallery.comCompanyLogo4.Theroleofthemonarchytoday:(ThepresentQueen,ElizabethII,
5、isdirectlydescendedfromKingEgbert,whounitedEnglandunderhisrulein829.)①primarilytosymbolizethetraditionandunityoftheBritishstate.TheQueenislegallyheadoftheexecutive,anintegralpartofthelegislature,headofthejudiciary,commanderinchiefofthearmedforcesand“supremegovernor”www.themegallery
6、.comCompanyLogo②AlesswellknownroleoftheQueen,whichisneverthelessveryimportanttoBritishpolitics,isthatofaconfidantetothePrimeMinister.Herlongexperienceandherpoliticallyneutralitymakeheragoodsourceofinformedobservationonthedaytodayproblemsofgovernance.www.themegallery.comCompanyLogow
7、ww.themegallery.comCompanyLogowww.themegallery.comCompanyLogoIITheParliament1.Theword“parliament”comesfromtheverb“toparley”,thatistodiscussortalk.Thetermwasfirstusedofficiallyin1236todescribethegatheringoffeudalbaronsandrepresentativesfromcountiesandtownswhichthekingoccasionallysum
8、monedifhewantedtoraisemone
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