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1、英语句子的自然顺序是主语在前,谓语在后(主语+谓语)。把谓语动词放在主语之前(谓语+主语),就叫倒装结构。如果全部谓语放在主语之前,叫全部倒装;如果只把助动词或be动词放在主语之前就叫部分倒装。倒装句句装倒inversions基本语序(naturalorder):主语+谓语+宾语(subject+predicate+object)IloveEnglish.谓语+主语完全倒装(fullinversion)Herecametheheadmaster.助动词/情态动词+主语+动词部分倒装(partialinversio
2、n)NervewillIforgiveyou.一、完全倒装1.Therebe结构。另外,在此结构中可以用来代替be动词的动词有:exist,seem,happen,appear,live,rise,stand等。Therestoodadogbeforehim.Thereexistdifferentopinionsonthisquestion.例题:________abeautifulpalace________thefootofthehill.A.Therestand;atB.Therestands;unde
3、rC.Standsthere;underD.Therestands;at2,(1).在以here、there、now、then等副词开头的句子里。句式:副词+vi+名词主语“Here,There,Now,Then+come(或be,go,lie,run)+主语"结构。Herecomestheoldlady!Thencamethehourwehadbeenlookingforwardto.Nowcomesyourturn.如果主语是人称代词,主语和谓语语序不变,不用倒装。如:Hereyouare.There
4、shecomes.(2).表示方向的副词out,in,up,down等置于句首,要用全部倒装。如果主语是人称代词,就不用倒装。如:IncameMr.White.Upwentthearrowintotheair.Awaywenttheboy.题:There________.Andhere________.A.goesthephone;shecomesB.isthephonegoing;issheC.doesthephonego;doesshecomeD.thephonegoes;comeshe注意:在上述句子中,如
5、果主语为人称代词,则主、谓不需要倒装。Inhecameandbackhewentagain.3.当表示地点的介词词组(如onthewall,underthetree,infrontofthehouse,inthemiddleoftheroom等)在句首时。句式:介词短语+vi+主语(必须是名词)如:Atthefootofthehillliesabeautifullake.Eastofthelakelietwotowns.Underthetreewaslyingawoundedsoldier.4."分词(代词)+b
6、e+主语"结构。Walkingattheheadofthelinewasourteacher.Suchwasthestoryhetoldme.题:________,amanofachievements,deepthoughts,butwithsimplehabits.A.EinsteinwassuchB.SuchwasEinsteinC.EinsteinwassoD.SowasEinstein________arethedayswhenteacherswerelookeddownupon.A.GoneB
7、.GoC.TogoD.Going5,某些表语位于句首,保持句子平衡,以强调表语.句式:表语+系动词+主语(必须是名词)1)表语为介词短语AmongthegoodsareChristmastrees,flowers,candlesandtoys.2)表语为形容词PresentatthemeetingwereMrWhiteandmanyotherguests.4)表语为进行时态中的现在分词Lyingonthefloorwasaboy.Standingbesidethedeskwasateacher.3)表语为过去分词
8、Seatedonthegroundareagroupofyoungpeople.二、部分倒装部分倒装是把be动词、情态动词、助动词放到主语之前。如果句子中没有这些词,要在主语之前加助动词do/does/did等,而把原来的谓语动词变成原形放在主语之后。1.句首状语为否定词或半否定词的句子。这类词或短语主要有never,neither,nor,little,seldom(很