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1、EarthandrockdamSummaryEarthandrockdam,withanothernameas"localmaterialdam",ismainlybuiltwithearthandrockmaterialsnearthesite.Itcanbeclassifiedbasedonthematerialsitused,earthdammainlywithearth,sand,grit,andgravel,androckdammainlywithrockballast,gravel,an
2、dexplodedrocks.FeaturesofearthandrockdamStrongpointsWithconvenientsupplyofmaterials,manybuildingmaterialssuchassteel,cement,andtimberscanbesaved.Withgranularstructuremoresuitabletofoundationdeformation,itdemandslessonthefoundation.Veryflexiblefromsimpl
3、eartificialfillingtohighlymechanizedconstruction,theprocedurebecomesimple,theconstructionbecomeefficient,andthequalityguaranteebecomeeasy.Simplystructured,the costislow,theoperationisconvenient,works isreliable,andmaintenanceandheightaddingisconvient.W
4、eakpointsOverflownotallowed,spillwayhastobebuilt.Diversion lessconvenient,costincreases.Sectionlarger,earthtobefillediseasytobeaffectedbyclimate.Thiskindofdifficultmeanspossibleextentionoftimelimitandcostincrease.EarthandrockdamtypesBasedonconstructing
5、ways,earthandrockdamscanbeclassifiedintorolledonesofearth&rock,thrownrock-filledones, rock-filledoneswith directionaldetonation,oneswithearththrownintothewater,andonesfilledbyhydraulicforces. Amongthem,rolledonesaremostpopular.Basedontheearthproportion
6、andthelocationofanti-seepage parts,therearehomogeneous(even-granular)dams, zonedearthdams,anddamswithartificialanti-seepagematerials.Strongpointsofhomogeneousdams:onefoldmaterials,simpleprocessweakpoints:flatgradient,largesection,weather-limited,strong
7、waterpressureinholes.Zoneddamsareclassifiedintooneswithcoreanti-seepageandoneswithfrontanti-seepage.Lessamountofearth,lessaffectofseason.interferingwiththefillingofthedambody.Lessinterferencewiththeconstructionofthedambody.weakeranti-earthquakeanduneve
8、nsinking.Theanti-seepagepartsofdamswithartificialanti-seepagematerialsuseasphaltconcrete,reinforcedconcreteorotherartificalmaterials.Sometimes,theanti-seepagepartsareinthedamfrontfacingtheupstream,sometimes,theyareatthecoreofthedam.Work
