关于油轮事故处理的安全事件法 毕业论文外文翻译

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1、外文翻译DevelopingaSafetyCaseApproachfortheTreatmentofTankerIncidentsAbstractInthispaperweexaminenewmethodsforinvestigatingandevaluatingmarineaccidentsattheinternationalevel.Themainfeatureistheassessmentofrisksbecauseshipsafetyregulationshavesofarfailedtoaddresstheriskscause

2、dbyships.Indecision-makingprocesscriteriamaybeusedtodeterminewhetherrisksareacceptableortolerable.TheSafetyCaseApproachisarisk-managementmethodologythatmayassistshipoperatorstoreduceriskstoaslowasreasonablypracticable.Itdoesnotrefertoprescriptiverulesandregulationsbutrat

3、herusesthegoal-settingprinciple.Sofar,ithasbeenappliedtohigh-speedcraftsinordertoprovidehighlevelsofsafetyforthesafeandefficientoperationofthesevessels.Wefocusonthetankerindustryandparticularlyonincidentscausedbyfireorexplosionbecausetheyinvolvehighrisksofenvironmentalda

4、mageandlossoflives.Keywords:Tankerincidents,risk-basedtechniques,newrule-makingculture,safetycaseapproach1.IntroductionIthasbeenacknowledged,basedonpastexperience,thataccidentinvestigationsinthemaritimefieldarenotaneasytask.Partiesinvolved,namelyshipowners,underwriters,c

5、argoownersandflagstateauthoritiesseemedreluctantorwereunabletoreleaseinformationwithrespecttomarineaccidentsornear-misssituations,themainreasonbeingthefuturelegalimplicationsparticularlywhennegligenceorliabilityarises.Nofurtherimprovementhasbeenmadeoverthelastyearsdespit

6、ethefactthatmostresearchworkisconductedtosolelyidentifythecausesofcasualtiesratherthantoapportionliabilities.Ithasbeennotedthat,Intertanko(1998)theintemationallegalframeworkforshippingisdirectedmostlyathandlingclaimsthanthepreventingofaccidents.Thissituationgraduallychan

7、geswiththeadoptionofnewsafetycultureandqualitymanagementtechniquesmostlyexpressedthroughtheInternationalSafetyManagement(ISM)Codewhichrequiresshippingcompaniestooperateon-boardasafety-relatedincidentreportingsystemincludingeventsthatdidnotoccur.However,inpracticeitwouldn

8、otbedifficulttodeveloppoliciesandproceduresaccordingtotheISMCodebutrathertoimplementtheSafetyManagement