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1、摘要基于MATLAB的GPS水准拟合方法及应用摘要GPS高程拟合是GPS研究领域的一个热点。提高GPS的定位精度以及GPS高程转换精度,可以得到较高精度的GPS水准高程。实践证明根据实际情况选择正确的转换方法获得的GPS水准高程的精度可以广泛地应用到工程、变形监测等各个方面中去,这将拓宽GPS的应用领域,真正的实现GPS的三维优越性。使备受青睐的GPS有更好的应用前景。本文系统的研究了GPS高程拟合原理,分析了各种拟合模型,论述了影响GPS高程的误差源和改正方法,以及精度评定的标准。论文首先介绍了高程系
2、统起算边及相互关系,其中分别介绍了大地水准面、正高与正高系统,似大地准面、正常高与正常高系统,参考椭球面、大地高与大地高系统,并用作图形象的表示出正高、正常高与大地高之间的关系。其次分析和探讨了GPS高程拟合的方法,将其分为三类:多项式曲线拟合,多项式曲面拟合和多面函数拟合,然后分别介绍了这三种方法的基本原理和计算步骤。最后通过实例分析了这三种拟合方法的优缺点。关键词:高程系统;GPS高程拟合;多面函数拟合;精度分析I摘要GPSLevelingFittingMethodandApplicationBas
3、edontheMATLABABSTRACTGPSelevationfittingisahotresearchfieldaboutGPS.ImprovingGPSpositioningaccuracyofGPSelevationconversionandprecision,andcangetingahighaccuracyofGPSlevelelevation.Practicehasprovedaccordingtotheactualsituationofchoosingtherightmethodfor
4、theconversionoftheaccuracyofGPSlevelelevationcanbewidelyappliedtoengineering,deformationmonitoringandotheraspects,thiswillbroadentheapplicationfieldofGPS,reallyrealizetheGPS3dsuperiority.MakeveryexcitingandpopularbetterapplicationprospectofGPS.Thispapers
5、tudiestheelevationofthesystemGPSfittingprincipleandtheanalysisofthevariousfittingmodel,discussestheinfluenceoftheerrorsourcesandGPSelevationcorrectionmethod,andevaluateaccuracystandard.Itfirstlyintroducedverticalsystemdateedgeandmutualrelationship,whichr
6、espectivelyintroducedthegeoid,orthometricheightandorthometricheightsystem,Liketheearthmustface,normalhighandnormalhighsystem,referenceellipsoid,liketheearthmustface,normalhighandnormalhighsystemreferenceellipsoid,theearthandtheearthhighhighsystem,andthei
7、mageofthedrawingshowedorthometricheightnormalhighandtheearth,therelationshipbetweenthehigh.SecondlyanalyzedanddiscussedonGPSelevationfittingmethod,whichisdividedintothreecategories:polynomialcurvefitting,polynomialfittingofsurfaceandmany-sidedfunctionfit
8、ting,thenrespectivelyintroducesthethreebasicprincipleandmethodofthecalculationprocedure.Finallytheexampleanalyzedthethreekindoffittingandtheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofthemethods.Keywords:Verticalsystem;GPSelevationfitting