英美文学选读自学考试笔记.PDF.pdf

《英美文学选读自学考试笔记.PDF.pdf》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。

1、文艺复兴时期文学:1.文艺复兴的时间界定:Itreferstotheperiodbetweenthe14-thandmid-17thcenturies2..文艺复兴的理论基础:人文主义兴起A.核心:humanismistheessenceofRenaissance.Itsprangfromtheendeavortorestoreamedievalreverencefortheantiqueauthors.B.基础:Itwasbasedonsuchaconceptionthatmanisthemeasureofallthings.3.文艺复兴的文化背景:A.场所:Englishschool

2、sandUniversitieswereestablishedinplaceoftheoldmonasteries.B.印刷术的引进:WilliamCaxtonintroducedprintingintoEngland.C.翻译的时代的出现:Withtheintroductionofprinting,andageofthetranslationcameintobeing.4.文学形式:A.诗歌A)早期特点:ThefirstperiodoftheEnglishRenaissancewasoneoftheimitationandassimilation.B)早期作家及作品:a.Spenser

3、'sTheShepheardesCalendarshowedthepastoralconvention.b.In"ThepassionateShepherdtoHisLove",Marlowespokethatitwouldbeverydifficultforustoconnectitwiththevoiceinhistragedies.c.PoetryandPoeticdramawerethemostoutstandingliteraryformsandcarriedonbyShakespeareandBenJohnson.B.戏剧:A)特点:TheElizabethandramais

4、therealmainstreamoftheEnglishRenaissance.B)作家:ThemostfamousdramatistsareChristopherMarlowe,WilliamShakespeare,andJohnson.WilliamShakespeareA.创作生涯及作品a.Apprenticeshipperiodb.Highlyindividualizedperiodc.Thegreatesttragediesanddarkcomediesperiodd.Romantictragicomediesperiod.B.作品主题:a.Shakespeare'shist

5、oryplaysaremainlywrittenundertheprinciplethatnationalunityunderamightyandjustsovereignisanecessity.b.Inhisromanticcomedies,Shakespearetakesandoptimisticattitudetowardloveandyouth,andtheromanticelementsarebroughtinfullplay.c.Thetragedies,theplay,thoughatragedy,ispermeatedwithoptimisticspirit.1/36C

6、.四大悲剧:A.Thecommonfeature:Shakespeare'sgreatesttragediesare:Hamlet,Othello,Kingliear,andMacbeth.Theyhavesomecharacteristicincommon.Eachportrayssomenoblehero,whofacestheinjusticeofhumanlifeandiscaughtinadifficultsituationandwhosefateiscloselyconnectedwiththefateofthewholenation.B.Therealisticspirit

7、s:Alongwiththeportrayaloftheweaknessorbiasofthehero,weseethesharpconflictsbetweentheindividualandtheevilforceinthesociety,whichshowsthatShakespeareisagreatrealistinthetruesense.D.艺术成就A.Thecharactersa.Shakespeare'smajor