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ID:23520708
大小:5.65 MB
页数:44页
时间:2018-11-08
《水稻超亲变异系胚乳gbss1和isas基因表达特性及对氮素响应分析》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。
1、万方数据东北农业大学农学硕士学位论文rice;mediemlevelat1oth—peakat15th—halfdownat20曲一lowat251hand30th,whichhasnegativeassociationwiththeamyloseaccumulationwhilepositivewithamylopectinaccumulation.However,thewaxyriceshowslinearaccumulationofISAhavingthepositiveassociationwithstarchcompositi
2、onaccumulation,suggestingthatthereisdifferenceinthestarchsynthesislbetweenjaponicaandwaxyriceandISAhasgreaterimpactinthestarchsynthesisofwaxyrice.Duringgrainfillingperiod,ISA1expressionhasthesamepatternshowingtheyhavepositiveassociation;ISA2wasexpressedhighlyatearlystage
3、butdecreasedquicklyatlaterstage;ISA3expressionincreasedslightlyatthemiddleandlaterstage,suggestingISAlmightbethemajorgenecontrollingtheenzymeactivityofISA.Inthemediumtermofgrainfilling,thericehavinghighISA1expressionshowedlowACaccumulation.GBSSlhasdifferentexpressionpatt
4、ernbetweenhighACandlowACrice:inhighACrice,GBSSlwasexpressedhigherlevelatlaterstage,butinlowACrice,GBSS1wasexpressedhigheratmiddlestage.RisingtheratioofspikeN-fertilizercanchangethegeneexpressionofGBSSlandISAsindifferentway,moreobviouslyinearlystageratherthanlaterofgrainf
5、illingperiod.At10‘“afterheading,thegeneexpressionofISAlandISA2increases,whileISA3decreases,andGBSSldoesn’tshowseriouschange;At20协GBSSlincreases,whileISAsdon’tchangeanymnre.Keywords:rice;transgressivevariationline;GBSS1;ISAs;expressionanalysis;N-responseIVCandidate:ZhuLin
6、anSpeciality:CropGeneticsandBreddingSupervisor:ProfessorJinZhengxun万方数据引言1引言水稻与小麦、玉米并称世界三大粮食作物,在全球的耕地面积约1.54亿公顷,仅次于小麦,居于大田作物第二位。亚洲是水稻的主要种植地和产出地,每年生产全球的94%的水稻,其中我国水稻的产量占全球产量的1/3,耕地面积占国内耕地面积的1/5。食用稻米占水稻总产量的85%,水稻籽粒中主要成分是淀粉,淀粉含量占籽粒干重的90%左右,每年为全球25亿人口提供能量[1,2]。我国水稻种植区域主要分布在华
7、南地区,但随着北方种植区的崛起,稻产区有向优势区域集中的趋势,即向长江中下游稻产区和黑龙江稻产区集中。近年来,南方稻产区面积约占全国水稻种植面积94%,长江中下游流域水稻种植面积占65.7%,北方稻作区面积约占6%。黑龙江省是水稻生产的传统区域和产量崛起迅速的区域,主要出产粳稻品种,2010年总水稻产量为2062.1万吨,占全国稻产的10.26%,如果没有黑龙江省水稻种植面积的扩大和总产大幅提高,国家水稻总产与1990年将减幅3.88%~8.66%。2014~2015年度国内的稻米市场需求总量约为20078万吨【3】。国内优质稻米因生育
8、期长单产较低而种植面积倒退的现象,而泰国大米为代表的进口稻米数量增多,我国的消费市场正逐步转向优质型稻米消费14]。故而,育成优质水稻品种以满足市场新要求成为育种家们的工作重点。蒸煮食味品质是甄别稻米优劣的
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