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1、~~Unit2CriticalThinking批判性思维思辨KeynoteAddress —July23,2007ByRichardPaul,DirectorofResearchandProfessionalDevelopmentattheCenterforCriticalThinking,ChairoftheNationalCouncilforExcellenceinCriticalThinkingThe27thAnnualInternationalConferenceonCriticalThinking—July23— 26,2007Berkeley,CAIncollegeeducati
2、onandindailylife,criticalthinkingisofvitalimportance.RichardPaul,inthefollowingsection,givesanenlighteningdiscussionoftheissue.Whatiscriticalthinking?Therearemanywaystodefineit.Itisasystemfor~~~~~openingeveryexistingsystem.Itopensupbusiness,chemistry,andsportsliketennisandbasketball.Itopensupprofes
3、sionalpractice.Itopensupethnicsandenablesustoseethroughideology.Itenablesustoputthingsintointellectualperspective它让我们以知识的眼光看待事物.Asystemthatopensupsystemsisonewaytothinkofcriticalthinking.开发各种系统的系统，这是看待批判性思维的一种方式。~~~~~Hereisthefirstdefinitionofcriticalthinking.Or,criticalthinkingisthinkingthatanalyz
4、esthought分析思想,thatassessesthought评估思想,andthattransformsthoughtforthebetter升华思想的思维.Hereistheseconddefinitionofcriticalthinking.There’sathirdwaytotalkaboutcriticalthinkingoverlappingandrelatedtotheothertwo. It’sthinkingaboutthinkingwhilethinkinginordertothinkbetter.Hereisthethirddefinitionofcriticalt
5、hinking.Everyonethinks. Wehavenochoiceaboutthat.But,noteverybodythinksabouttheirthinking.Andnoteveryonewhothinksabouttheirthinkingthinksaboutitwell.Youcanworryaboutyourthinking. Youcanthinkbadlyofyourthinking.Youcanbeembarrassedbyyourthinking.Youcanfocusonitina~~~~~dysfunctionalway你可以以功能失调的方式关注你的思维
6、—thatisnotcriticalthinking.Thismorning,let’sthinkaboutitasawayofthinkingthatenablesathinkertothinkregularlyatahigherlevelthanmostpeoplearecapableofthinking.Inotherwords,criticalthinking,asIamconceivingit,transformsthinkingintwodirections把思维导致两个方向.Youthinkmoresystematicallyasaresult.Andyouthinkmorec
7、omprehensivelyasaresult.Andinthinkingmorecomprehensively,youthinkatahigherlevel.Notbecauseyouareatahigherlevelasaperson,butbecauseyouareabletoputthinkingintothebackgroundandseeit=thinkinginalarger,morecompr
