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1、CanadianPoliticalSystemIntroduction：Canadaisaconstitutionalmonarchywithafederalsystemofparliamentarygovernmentandstrongdemocratictraditions.ItspoliticalsystemunderwhichmodernCanadaoperatesisknownastheWestminstersystem.SinceCanada’spoliticalstructureismodele
2、dafterthoseofBritainandtheUnitedStates,itcanbedescribedasbothafederationliketheUSandaconstitutionalmonarchylikeBritain.Westminstersystem:TheWestminstersystemisademocraticparliamentarysystemofgovernmentmodeledafterthepoliticsoftheUnitedKingdom.Thistermcomesf
3、romthePalaceofWestminster,theseatoftheParliamentoftheUnitedKingdom.TheessentialfeaturesoftheWestminstersystemare:·TheGovernmentischosenbythedemocraticallyelectedlowerhouse.Thegovernmentrequiresthecontinuingsupportofamajorityofmembersofthatchambertostayinoff
4、ice.·TheheadofgovernmentisthePrimeMinister,wholeadsaCabinetwhichisresponsibletothelowerhouse.·AloyalOppositionexists,ledbytheleaderofthepartyorpartieswiththesecondlargestnumberofseatsinthelowerhouse.·Aconstitutionalmonarch,ifoneexists,whois“abovepolitics”an
5、dactsontheadviceoftheprimeminister.·Thereisacareerpublicservicewhichimpartiallyservesthegovernmentoftheday.·Thearmedservicesareoutsideofpoliticsandactontheinstructionsofthegovernment.·Theruleoflawprevails,withanindependentjudiciary,subjecttotheConstitution.
6、TheCanadiangovernmentconsistsofthreeparts:ONE:TheLegislature立法TheParliamentofCanada:theHouseofCommonsandtheSenate.●TheHouseofCommons：Eachmemberchosenbyamajorityofeligiblevotersineachofthecountry'sfederalelectoraldistricts,orridings,viaapluralityvotingsystem
7、.Torunforoneofthe308seatsintheHouseofCommons,anindividualmustbeatleast18yearsold,andonaverage,membersoftheHouseofCommonsareelectedforamaximumoffive-yearterm.●TheSenate：Itisagroupof105individualsappointedbythegovernorgeneralontheadviceoftheprimeminister;allt
8、hosesummonedtotheSenatebytheviceroymustbeaminimumof30yearsold,andownpropertywithanetworthofatleast$4,000,inadditiontoowninglandworthnolessthan$4,000withintheprovinceheorsheistorepresent.Itsmainfunction
