《遗传学英文词汇》word版

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1、Genetics2010GeneticsGlossariesWeek1Heredity遗传Variation变异Preformation先成论Epigenesist后生说Mendel’slaw孟德尔定律Lawofsegregation分离定律Lawofindependentassortment自由组合定律Inheritance遗传特征Trait特征Full/Constrict饱满/收缩Pod荚Axial/Terminal轴生/顶生Stem茎Monohybridcross单基因杂交Postulate假说Dominance/Recessiveness显性/隐

2、形Gamete配子Likelihood可能性Punnettsquare旁那特方格/棋盘法Genetype基因型Allele等位基因Homozygote/Heterozygous纯合子/杂合子Phenotype表现型Testcross测交Dihybridcross双因子杂交Chi-squaretest卡方测验Week2Pedigree系谱Huntingtondisease亨廷顿舞蹈症Cysticfibrosis囊性纤维化（胰腺病）Verticalinheritance垂直遗传特性Horizontalinheritance水平遗传特性Incompletedo

3、minance不完全显性Semidominance半显性Codominance共显性Multiplealleles复等位基因Self-incompatibility自交不亲和Pleiotropy基因多效性Lethalgene致死基因Cytogenetics细胞遗传学Chromatin染色质Chromosome染色体Haploid单倍体Diploid二倍体Karyotype核型Sexchromosome/Autosome性/常染色体Moths蛾Alligator短吻鳄Parental亲本的Maternal母系的Subsequent随后的Meiosis减数分

4、裂Drosophila果蝇Drosophilamelanogaster黑腹果蝇Fruitfly果蝇9Genetics2010Prolific多产的Nomenclature命名法Hemizygous半合子的Color-blindnenss色盲Descendant后代Hormone荷尔蒙Patternbaldness模型斑秃Week3Mitosis有丝分裂Complement互补Cytokinesis胞质分裂Ongoing持续的Synthesis合成Telophase末期Anaphase后期Aligned对齐的Metaphase中期Prophase前期Dup

5、licated复制的Duplication复制Centrosome中心体MeiosisI/II减数分裂I/II期Nondisjunction不分离Red-greencolorblindness红绿色盲Sex-linked伴性的Hemophilia血友病Hypophosphatemia低磷血症Deoxyribonucleicacid脱氧核糖核酸（DNA）Nuclei核Principle组分Ultracentrifugation超速离心法Predominance优势Phage噬菌体Hostcellwell宿主细胞壁Doublehelix双螺旋Compleme

6、ntarypairing互补配对Centraldogma中心法则Prokaryote原核生物Eukaryote真核生物Week4Nucleotide核苷酸Phosphate磷酸盐Quagga斑驴Skull颅骨Neanderthal穴居人的Uracil尿嘧啶Thymine胸腺嘧啶Adenine腺嘌呤Guanine鸟嘌呤Cytosine胞嘧啶Ribonucleotide核糖核苷酸Tobaccomosaicvirus烟草花叶病毒（TMV）Semiconservative半保留的Methylate使甲基化Splicing剪接Alternativesplicing

7、选择性剪接Reversetranscription反转录Retrovirus逆转录病毒9Genetics2010Immunodeficiency免疫缺陷Matrix基质Bilipidouterlayer双脂质外层Viralparticle病毒颗粒Disintegrate破裂Week5Correlation相关性Polarity极性Nonoverlapping不重叠的Degenerate简并的Incorporation编入Nickelhydride镍氢Wobblerule摆动法则Peptidyl肽基Aminoacyl氨酰基Polyribosome多核糖体E

8、longation延长Termination终止Multimericprotei