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1、《经济学家》读译参考Translated&EditedbyChenJilongTEXT7BridgeacrosstheBosporusFeb23rd2006FromTheEconomistprinteditionMOREthan80yearsafterbeing★supplanted[1]bytheTurkishrepublic,theOttomanempirewillnotdie.BloodshedintheBalkans;ArabandKurdishnationalismacrosstheMiddleEast;★T
2、urcophobia[2]inArmenia;(1)allareechoesofadynastythatsurvivedfor600years▲andwhosedominionse____①____fromtheDanubethroughtheLevanttoAlgiers.Fewhistorianshavedaredcompressthestoryofthisextraordinaryenterpriseintoasinglevolume.“Osman'sDream”showswhy.Osmanledoneofsev
3、eralTurcomantribes,ofCentralAsiandescent,thatwerecompetingforcontrolofAnatoliaatthebeginningofthe14thcentury.(ThedreaminquestionwasinterpretedtomeanthatOsmanwouldfoundanimperialhouse;(2)“Ottoman”istheEuropeancorruptionofhisname▲).Bythemid-16thcentury,Osman'sdesc
4、endantshadkilledofftheByzantineEmpireandt____②____itscapital,Constantinople(renamedIstanbul),intotheworld'sgreatestmosquecity.TheyalsohadcontroloftheMuslimholyplaces,MeccaandMedina,inArabia.Theempire'sexpansionwasdriveninpartbyIslamicnotionsofajustwaragainstthe★
5、infidel[3],buttheOttomanswerealsonotablefortheirrelativetolerance.Jewsfleeingthe★Spanishinquisition[4]werewelcomedtoIstanbul.Christianconvertsbecamekeyfiguresinthebureaucracy,armedforcesandthe★harem[5].Evenattheempire'speak,however,thetideofhistorywasturninginEu
6、rope'sf__③.___ChallengedbytheEuropeans'intellectualandmilitary★prowess[6],hamperedbythefiscalineptitudeofitsleaders,andpowerlesstosuppressthepettynationalismsthatinfecteditsBalkanpossessions,(3)theempirebegantounravel—attimesabruptly,atothersimperceptibly.▲Withh
7、erdoctorateinthe★fiendishly[7]complexdisciplineofOttomanstudies,(4)MsFinkelisideallyplacedtomakesenseofthis.▲But“Osman'sDream”leavesonewiththeimpressionthattheauthor'sscholarship—sheincludesa30-pagebibliography—couldhavebeenputtobetteruse.Herapparentdesiretoreco
8、rdeveryeventofsignificancesometimesr___④___inadispiritingsuccessionofmilitarycampaignsanddiplomaticintrigues;(5)onewouldhavepreferreda★pruning[8]ofthe★thicket[9]ofeve